Gartner Research

ERP導入の失敗パターンを回避するには

Published: 08 May 2023

Summary

ERPの導入を「成功」と見なす日本企業は約1割にとどまっており、そうした成功事例では典型的な失敗を回避している。本リサーチノートでは、日本企業のアプリケーション・リーダーがERPの導入過程で直面する典型的な失敗を「期待過剰型」「時代錯誤型」「見切り発車型」「ユーザー不在型」の4つのパターンに整理し、それぞれの回避策を示す。

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要約

主要な所見

ERPの導入では、4つの典型的な失敗パターンが見られる。

  • 期待過剰型:ERPが全要件をカバーできると誤解してスコープがぶれ、業務をパッケージに合わせようと標準化を強引に進めることでユーザーの離反を招く。

  • 時代錯誤型:古い発想で製品を選定したため稼働直後からレガシーになり、時代遅れの導入手法に依存することで「声の大きな人」やKKD (経験・勘・度胸) に振り回される。

  • 見切り発車型:改革に必要な賛同が得られずにプロジェクトが空転し、やり直しが利かないタイミングで「別の製品にすべきだった」という指摘を受ける。

  • ユーザー不在型:片手間で参加したユーザーがテストの段階で「望んでいたものと違う」という反応を示し、トレーニング不足によりプロジェクトの進捗が滞る。

推奨事項

ERP導入に責任を持つアプリケーション・リーダーは、失敗パターンを回避するための以下の予防策を講じる。

  • 期待過剰型:ペース・レイヤに沿ってERPの範囲を定義し、差別化につながる業務は無理に標準化しない。

  • 時代錯誤型:コンポーザブルERPを見据えた計画を立て、実機を活用した製品選定と導入を行う。

  • 見切り発車型:錦の御旗」となる経営レベルのメリットを掲げ、RFIで多様な製品を吟味する。

  • ユーザー不在型:ビジネス部門にオーナーシップを渡し、トレーニングを早めに計画・実施する。

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Analysts:

Koji Motoyoshi

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