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... Gartner Glossary Software-defined networks are emerging networking architectures that separate the control plane from the data plane in networking equipment. This is so that network intelligence and state are logically centralized, and the underlying network infrastructure is abstracted from applications ...
... Gartner Glossary Software-defined radio (SDR) provides software control of significant parts of a wireless function rather than through traditional hardware control. This allows devices to switch dynamically between protocols and frequencies under software control. SDR is most attractive where standards ...
... SD-WAN solutions provide a replacement for traditional WAN routers and are agnostic to WAN transport technologies. SD-WAN provides dynamic, policy-based, application path selection across multiple WAN connections and supports service chaining for additional services such as WAN optimization and fire ...
... AI) Machine learning Event-driven software architecture Robotic process automation (RPA) Business process management (BPM) and intelligent business process management suites (iBPMS) Integration platform as a service (iPaaS) Low-code/no-code tools Packaged software Other types of decision, process and ...
... chatbot or doctors writing pandemic apps). Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve your ...
... fusion teams” to maximize value? Learn here. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... on servers. If a network does not go outside of a company building, or campus, then it is known as a local-area network (LAN). If it has a bridge to other outside networks, usually via lines owned by public telecommunications carriers like AT&T, then it is known as a wide-area network (WAN). ...
... and wireless). In addition to network or telecommunications management, network outsourcing isolates those services specifically delivered in a longer-term contract in support of network infrastructures: consulting/advisory services, network AD and integration, network infrastructure deployment and support ...
... Gartner Glossary We define “network sharing” as a business model in which two or more communications service providers (CSPs) share network resources through joint ownership or by third-party-enabled network sharing (open networks).It is a generic concept but is most widely applied in mobile and fiber ...
... firmographic data storage E-sourcing, with opportunity listings for suppliers and support for supplier electronic bid submission The defining characteristic of a procurement network is multienterprise integration support that enables suppliers to view information from and participate in processes with multiple ...
... Gartner Glossary A backbone network is defined as a high-speed transmission facility, or an arrangement of such facilities, designed to interconnect lower-speed distribution channels or clusters of dispersed user devices. ...
... Gartner Glossary Network virtualization is the process of combining hardware and software network resources and functionality into a single virtual network. This offers access to routing features and data streams which can provide newer, service-aware, resilient solutions; newer security services that ...
... TCP/IP application management — but only for networks — are also included here. This network management segment is intended for products that are mainly or entirely network-oriented and used primarily by enterprises. Also included in this category are network CM tools. These tools set, change, collect ...
... Gartner Glossary A mesh network has no centralized access points but uses wireless nodes to create a virtual wireless backbone. Mesh network nodes typically establish network links with neighboring nodes, enabling user traffic to be sent through the network by hopping between nodes on many different ...
... A type of computing appliance that aids in the flow of information to other network-connected computing devices. Services that may be provided by a network appliance include firewall functions, caching, authentication, network address translation and IP address management. ...
... connections for the purposes of sharing information with the network or subsets thereof. Although one-to-one connections are possible in social network sites, the preponderance of activity engages a broader range of participants in any given network. ...
... Gartner Glossary Tracks and manages network assets and manages network resources. It embodies the automated processes that allocate resources, determine configuration changes and automatically invoke activation. ...
... Gartner Glossary Network topology describes the physical and logical relationship of nodes in a network, the schematic arrangement of the links and nodes, or some hybrid combination thereof. ...
... architecture with dynamic application deployment, execution and management. Network computing is characterized by four properties: dynamic cached propagation; write once, run anywhere; automatic platform adjustment; and network context storage. ...
... Gartner Glossary “Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control”; a problem-solving methodology associated with Six Sigma process improvement. ...
... A neural network is a type of data processing, inspired by biological neurons, that converts between complex objects (such as audio and video) and tokens suitable for conventional data processing. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer ...
... A network incorporating both digital switching and digital transmission. ...
... Gartner Glossary A multipoint communications pathway with circuit-switching capabilities, e.g., the telephone network. ...
... Gartner Glossary A network in which all the communications links are synchronized to a common clock. ...
... Gartner Glossary Mobile networks are cellular telecommunication system comprising MSCs, antenna cell sites and radio base stations. ...
... Gartner Glossary Network redundancy is a communications pathway that has additional links to connect all nodes in case one link goes down. ...
... Gartner Glossary Network security are measures taken to protect a communications pathway from unauthorized access to, and accidental or willful interference of, regular operations. ...
... IT operations management (ITOM) software is intended to represent all the tools needed to manage the provisioning, capacity, performance and availability of computing, networking and application resources — as well as the overall quality, efficiency and experience of their delivery. Gartner divides the ...
... middleware is software that enables independently designed applications, software components or services to work together, by supporting data consistency, composite application and multi-step process styles of integration. Information management software services — This software market is defined by Data ...
... ASP) is defined as an enterprise that delivers application functionality and associated services across a network to multiple customers using a rental or usage-based transaction-pricing model. Gartner defines the ASP market as the delivery of standardized application software via a network, though not ...
... called a “thin client,” a network computer is a limited-function desktop computer that is designed to easily connect to networks. NCs include a keyboard, mouse, monitor, memory and a network connection but only limited, if any, local disk storage. When end users want to access software or databases using an ...
... Gartner Glossary A database organized according to ownership of records, allowing records to have multiple owners and thus providing multiple access paths to the data. Database management systems (DBMSs) providing such capabilities are also known as CODASYL (Conference on Data Systems Languages) DBMS ...
... providers define a VPN as a WAN of permanent virtual circuits, generally using asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) or frame relay to transport IP. Technology providers define a VPN as the use of encryption software or hardware to bring privacy to communications over a public or untrusted data network. ...
... Gartner Glossary A network operating system is a set of software utilities that, working in conjunction with an operating system, provides the local-area network (LAN) user interface and controls network operation. A network operating system communicates with the LAN hardware and enables users to communicate ...
... experience and adapt to dynamic shifts in application and service usage. The solution is based on nonproprietary hardware and software platforms and can be used by CSPs on any network. ...
... Gartner Glossary Network video recorders (NVRs) are IP-based appliances that are purpose-built for managing cameras, recording and viewing camera feeds at a site. NVRs are usually PC-grade or low-end server systems made using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware components. They usually contain ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines social software as the tools that encourage, capture, and organize open and free-form interaction between employees, customers, and partners. It is a “socializing” technology—sometimes also referred to as Enterprise 2.0—that enables a grassroots approach to creating ...
... Gartner Glossary A next-generation network (NGN) is a generic term that describes the evolution and migration of fixed and mobile network infrastructures from distinct, proprietary networks to converged networks based on IP. ...
... Gartner Glossary A network interface card (NIC) is the bus-specific adapter that connects an end station or server to a local-area network (LAN). It plugs into an expansion slot on a workstation or server that is to be networked and has a connector for the network cabling. ...
... Gartner Glossary An alternative card network carries payment messaging (or payment instructions) across a communications network (for example, an IP-based network) for authorization, clearing and settlement processes, and has its own scheme (arrangements among participating entities, such as issuers ...
... Gartner Glossary A dual-band network is a cellular radio system that operates in two different frequency bands in which network elements conform to identical network architectures and radio interfaces. ...
... Gartner Glossary A network virtual terminal is a communications concept describing a variety of data terminal equipment (DTE), with different data rates, protocols, codes and formats, accommodated in the same network. This is done as a result of network processing where each device’s data is converted ...
... Gartner Glossary Tools to allow assignment of levels of network management functions and capabilities to selected nodes throughout the network. With this, the degree of centralization vs. decentralization of network management can be varied depending on the environment. ...
... Gartner Glossary A mobile-network operator (MNO) is a company that owns and operates one or more mobile networks. ...
... Gartner Glossary Network security silicon refers to the use of specific network security processors to perform very high-speed security processing, such as deep packet inspection and stream processing. This is different from application-specific integrated circuits and field-programmable gate arrays ...
... Gartner Glossary Enhanced network delivery comprises network-based acceleration services, including WAN optimization, application delivery controller/asymmetrical optimization and WOC equipment-based deployments to improve performance of cloud applications. Enhanced network delivery uses a combination ...
... Gartner Glossary A network management center controls the network. It may provide traffic analysis, call detail recording, configuration control, fault detection and diagnosis and maintenance. ...
... Gartner Glossary Social networking sites, such as LinkedIn, Facebook or MySpace, provide open membership where people can congregate to share information. They are an example of a decentralized network that exhibits emergent behavior. ...
... Data communications network in which data is divided into small segments known as packets. These are divided so that each packet forms part of a complete message that can be routed through a network of switches to its destination independently of all other packets forming the same message. ...
... Gartner Glossary Mobile social-networking services enable individuals to connect to their social communities with a mobile device, through one or more available mobile channels. Members share experiences, interests, opinions, presence information and personal content through their mobile devices. Mobile ...
... Gartner Glossary Managed network services (MNSs) refer to a vendor’s delivery of primarily operational support for a new environment in which the hardware assets, financial obligations and personnel still remain on the books of the customer. ...
... Gartner Glossary Logistics network planning refers to the class of tools required to analyze the trade-offs among inventory quantities, number and location of warehouses, and transportation costs to most profitably support a desired level of customer service. LNP is a proven scientific method for analyzing ...
... Gartner Glossary Proprietary software is owned by an organization or an individual, as opposed to “public-domain software,” which is freely distributed. The explosion in the use of the Internet has expanded the reach of public-domain software since it is now much easier to transmit these programs. While ...
... Send output to printers attached to the network. • Transfer data or software to or from other systems attached to the network. • Send e-mail to other users on the network. • Access wider-area networks, including the Internet, via a direct connection from the network, for external file transfer, e-mail, ...
... Gartner Glossary Updating software, adding new functions, fixing bugs and solving problems. Technology vendors often sell a maintenance contract with their software. This contract is usually calculated as an annual fee based on some percentage of the total software cost. It generally provides for overall ...
... Gartner Glossary The virtualization software market includes all software products that are sold as value-added options to run on an x86 server or a desktop to create or manage a specific virtualized environment. Revenue is for new license sales and for maintenance and support services that include ...
... Gartner Glossary Historian software captures the output of operational technology systems and manages its life cycle, and provides access for and performing some levels of data analysis. ...
... Gartner Glossary Forensic software is used to collect raw data from digital storage devices, including the recovery of hidden and deleted files, in support of e-discovery and investigations of digital activity. ...
... Gartner Glossary A business software productivity program that incorporates a number of applications (typically word processing, database management, spreadsheet, graphics and communications) into one product, allowing data sharing between all or most modules. ...
... storage plumbing tier — provides connectivity between nodes in a network and transports device-oriented commands and status. At least one storage node must be connected to this network. The second tier — the software tier — uses software to provide value-added services that operate over the first tier ...
... Gartner Glossary Carrier network infrastructure (CNI) can be defined as a combination of the following basic functions: Voice switching, control and applications Optical transport Service provider routers and switches Mobile core Mobile radio Fixed access ...
... Gartner Glossary SONET (Synchronous Optical Network) is a standard for connecting fiber-optic transmission systems sold in North America only. SONET was proposed by Bellcore in the mid-1980s and is now an ANSI standard. SONET defines interface standards at the physical layer of the Open Systems Interconnection ...
... A category of storage products in which the requisite hardware and software comes bundled into an integrated product, which is optimized for use as a dedicated file or storage management server attached to the enterprise’s network. Ideally, NAS is platform- and OS-independent, appears to any application ...
... Gartner Glossary Content delivery networks (CDNs) are a type of distributed computing infrastructure, where devices (servers or appliances) reside in multiple points of presence on multihop packet-routing networks, such as the Internet, or on private WANs. A CDN can be used to distribute rich media ...
... Gartner Glossary A software development and execution technology that allows applications to be written to a model designed from the outset to achieve platform independence. It affords dynamic movement and invocation of code resources over a network at runtime. ...
... Business process automation (BPA) is defined as the automation of complex business processes and functions beyond conventional data manipulation and record-keeping activities, usually through the use of advanced technologies. It focuses on “run the business” as opposed to “count the business” types of ...
... Gartner Glossary Project management, specifications, design, programming, testing, installation and training associated with a specific application development project of any size. ...
... Gartner Glossary Enterprise social software is typically used to enhance social networks, both within the enterprise and across key members of the enterprise’s supply and distribution chains. Implementers view social networks as an important method for enhancing communication, coordination and collaboration ...
... Gartner Glossary The storage management software market includes all software products that are sold as value-added options to run on a server, storage network device or storage device to aid in managing the device or managing and protecting the data. Revenue is for new license sales and for maintenance ...
... Gartner Glossary Network performance monitoring tools provide performance and availability monitoring solutions for the data communication network (including network devices and network traffic). These tools collect performance data over time, and include features such as baselining, threshold evaluation ...
... Gartner Glossary Network and system management (NSM) refers to the intersection of networking, network management and system management. The vision of NSM (also known as “networked systems management”) is to enable the management of a distributed set of systems in a fashion similar to that in which ...
... Gartner Glossary A service that goes beyond making data center functionality available on a network. An NCC employs networking technology to treat multiple data centers and the network as a single system to efficiently access and process applications. ...
... Gartner Glossary An identity-aware network (IAN) monitors a user’s behavior on the network. Policy enforcement points within the network may be used to control a user’s traffic based on the identity and access management (IAM) policies assigned to that user. ...
... Gartner Glossary Previously known as unlicensed mobile access (UMA), a GAN (generic access network) is a network architecture designed to support seamless connectivity between wide-area cellular networks, such as GSM/GPRS, and LAN technologies, such as Wi-Fi or Bluetooth — it is an example of fixed- ...
... quality or effectiveness of a relationship. Organizational network analysis is the form of SNA that examines the information flow among individuals. It depicts the informal social network—typically of groups working in the same enterprise. Value network analysis (VNA) examines the deliverables exchanged among ...
... Gartner Glossary Network fault monitoring tools indicate the up/down status of network components, such as routers and switches. In some cases, the tools also discover and visualize the topology map of physical relationships and dependencies among network components as a way to display the up/down status ...
... Gartner Glossary A value-added network (VAN) is a private network through which value-added carriers provide special data transmission services. ...
... Gartner Glossary Plays a role similar to the BSC in a GSM network, but supports B nodes used in UMTS networks. ...
... Gartner Glossary The term “network on chip” (NoC) refers to distributed connectivity of computing and other resources that are configured as an on-chip computer network. At sub-32-nanometer dimensions, increased electrical noise and cross-talk reduces the effectiveness of traditional on-chip bus structures ...
... A home-area network (HAN), often referred to as a home hub or home control point, is a heterogeneous set of linked networks controlling and monitoring home devices. A home may have several HANs.See Home Hub. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed ...
... Gartner Glossary A virtual network operator (VNO) is an entity that does not own a telecom network infrastructure but provides telecom services by purchasing capacity from telecom carriers. ...
... Gartner Glossary A communications network that connects computing devices over geographically dispersed locations. While a local-area network (LAN) typically services a single building or location, a WAN covers a much larger area such as a city, state or country. WANs can use either phone lines or dedicated ...
... Gartner Glossary The delivery of voice, data, video and other forms of network services with the following characteristics: 1. Services are usually from a customer premises-based access concentrator, owned by a network service provider (NSP) that converts traffic to an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM ...
... Gartner Glossary A network employing both digital switches and digital transmission. ...
... Gartner Glossary A telephone network consisting of terminals, transmission links, and at least one exchange, on which any user can communicate with any other user at any time. ...
... Gartner Glossary An information technology certification by the Network Professional Association (NPA) requiring two years of experience, two vendor certifications and a passing grade on the core fundamentals exam. ...
... Gartner Glossary A network access control (NAC) process adds policies to the network for controlling access by devices and users. Policies may be based on device and/or user authentication and the status of endpoint configuration. Gartner Tech Conference & Webinar The premier gathering of security ...
... Enterprise application software includes content, communication, and collaboration software; CRM software; digital and content creation software, ERP software; office suites; project and portfolio management; and SCM software. ...
... a consulting firm or third-party software maintainers. Software products and technologies covered under this category include commercial and custom operating systems, application software, and infrastructure software. Software support services do not include software license code updates and upgrades ...
... Gartner Glossary The application software services segment includes back-office, ERP and supply chain management (SCM) software services, as well as collaborative and personal software services. It also covers engineering software and front-office CRM software services. ...
... Gartner Glossary Deploying Web-services-enabled software will be an evolutionary process, not a revolutionary one. The majority of software vendors have committed to supporting Web services software standards within their established product lines, but it will take more than four years to evolve these ...
... Gartner Glossary B2B gateway software is integration middleware that is used to consolidate and centralize data and process integration and interoperability between a company’s internal applications and systems, and external entities such as business partners or software as a service (SaaS). ...
... Gartner Glossary Social software standards are protocols and data formats that have been agreed on by industry bodies or are, in practice, used by several products or services to support interoperability and for data/service access and reuse between social software environments. ...
... Gartner Glossary External social software is typically used to create community sites for customers, market influencers and crowd sourcing (as in collecting innovative ideas from the Web at large), as well as to measure overall market sentiments and trends. ...
... Gartner Glossary E-Discovery software facilitates the identification, collection, preservation, processing, review, analysis and production of electronically stored information (ESI) to meet the mandates imposed by common-law requirements for discovery. These demands may be due to civil or criminal ...
... Gartner Glossary Backup/recovery software products are designed to provide backup of storage to tape, disk or optical devices and to recover that data when needed. This segment also includes products focused specifically on supporting the recovery process, such as virtual tape libraries. Also included ...
... Application performance monitoring (APM) is a suite of monitoring software comprising digital experience monitoring (DEM), application discovery, tracing and diagnostics, and purpose-built artificial intelligence for IT operations. ...
... Gartner Glossary The point from which an Internet service provider (ISP) drops down its lines and establishes a peering arrangement to provide Internet connectivity to customers. ...
... Architecture is defined as: In reference to computers, software or networks, the overall design of a computing system and the logical and physical interrelationships between its components. The architecture specifies the hardware, software, access methods and protocols used throughout the system. ...
... Glossary A Mobile Virtual Network Operator (MVNO) is a company that does not own a mobile spectrum license but sells mobile services under its brand name using the network of a licensed mobile operator. The term is applied to a variety of arrangements with a mobile network operator. At one end are companies ...
... Gartner Glossary A mobile virtual network enabler (MVNE) is a company that provides network infrastructure and related services, such as provisioning, administration and OSS/BSS, to enable mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) to offer services to their own customers. The MVNE does not have a relationship ...
... standard and design philosophy for digital networks. ISDN provides high-speed, high-bandwidth channels to every subscribers on the public switched telephone network, achieving end-to-end digital functions with standard equipment interface devices. ISDN networks enable a variety of mixed digital transmission ...
... Gartner Glossary Network performance tuning/configuring facilities refer to the ability to configure combinations of local-area networks (LANs) and wide-area networks (WANs) centrally and dynamically based on anticipation and prioritization of data traffic volumes. Physical data paths could be configured ...
... Gartner Glossary A Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)-derived protocol governing network management and the monitoring of network devices. Strictly speaking, SNMP is the Management Information Base (MIB) described in the SNMP standard; extensions to this MIB proposed by the Electronic ...
... Demand-driven value network (DDVN) is a business environment holistically designed to maximize value of and optimize risk across the set of extended supply chain processes and technologies that senses and orchestrates demand based on a near-zero-latency demand signal across multiple networks of corporate stakeholders ...
... on numerous platforms, including Unix. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... biocomputation. It includes open-source components. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... ecosystem, and start a platform business model. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... Gartner Glossary Parallel Network File System (pNFS) is an emerging industry standard for parallel storage input/output (I/O), which is an optional feature of Network File System (NFS) v.4.1. The new technology requires a pNFS client and a pNFS server. The pNFS server manages file metadata and communicates ...
... Gartner Glossary A code of standard practices for network design, intended to maintain technical standards. ...
... specification can be found at www.imap.org. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... Gartner Glossary Extends local X.25 switching to Ethernet, token ring or Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) networks. ...
... Zero trust network access (ZTNA) is a product or service that creates an identity- and context-based, logical access boundary around an application or set of applications. The applications are hidden from discovery, and access is restricted via a trust broker to a set of named entities. The broker verifies ...
... continuous monitoring and collection of activity data, along with the ability to take remote remediation actions, whether the endpoint is on the corporate network or outside of the office. In addition, these solutions are cloud-data-assisted, meaning the endpoint agent does not have to maintain a local database ...
... Gartner Glossary Wireless Local-Area Network (WLAN) is a LAN communication technology in which radio, microwave or infrared links take the place of physical cables. The 802.11 family of standards issued by the IEEE provides various specifications covering transmission speeds from 1 Mbps to 54 Mbps. ...
... MXDPs serve to centralize life cycle activities — designing, developing, testing, distributing, managing and analyzing — for a portfolio of multiexperience apps. Multiexperience refers to the various permutations of modalities (e.g., touch, voice and gesture), devices and apps that users interact wi ...
... Application modernization services address the migration of legacy to new applications or platforms, including the integration of new functionality to provide the latest functions to the business.Modernization options include re-platforming, re-hosting, recoding, rearchitecting, re-engineering, inte ...
... Gartner Glossary Also known as “software change management,” SCM is a methodology for software problem/change request initiation and tracking; change impact analysis; version control; security administration of software assets; software promotion; quality reviews; and software distribution. ...
... A software producer that is not owned or controlled by a hardware manufacturer; a company whose primary function is to distribute software. Hardware manufacturers that distribute software (such as IBM and Unisys) are not ISVs, nor are users (such as banks) that may also sell software products. ISVs typically ...
... Gartner Glossary A process for making software acquisition and disposal decisions. It includes strategies that identify and eliminate unused or infrequently used software, consolidating software licenses or moving toward new licensing models. ...
... Gartner Glossary A mechanism for systematically ensuring compliance with system vendor and independent software vendor (ISV) software licenses — for example, maximum users, maximum nodes and maximum MIPS. ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines unified communications products (equipment, software and services) as those that facilitate the interactive use of multiple enterprise communications methods. This can include control, management and integration of these methods. UC products integrate communications ...
... An SOC should meet on a regular basis to review all current and planned medical software implementations. In addition, it should form, and possibly enforce, a policy designed to ensure patient safety where medical software is concerned. Specific SOC responsibilities include validating that applications ...
... Gartner Glossary A set of development utilities for writing software applications, usually associated with specific environments (e.g., the Windows SDK). ...
... Gartner Glossary Hosted PC virtualization software enables a user to run multiple OSs simultaneously on top of a single, host PC OS. ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines a consumer NAS as a centralized, multifunction storage system for the home network. It can function as a file server with remote access to multiple PCs and media players, a print server, a media server, a backup and archive system, and temporary storage for Internet ...
... by connecting to APIs to drive client servers, mainframes or HTML code. An RPA tool operates by mapping a process in the RPA tool language for the software “robot” to follow, with runtime allocated to execute the script by a control dashboard. ...
... Gartner Glossary A PC virtual software appliance runs in a dedicated PC partition or on a virtual machine that loads before any user OS, and provides one application or function without the complexity of a full PC OS. By adopting an appliance approach, enterprises can deliver individual functions (such ...
... Application integration is the process of enabling independently designed applications to work together. Commonly required capabilities include: Keeping separate copies of data (in independently designed applications) consistent Orchestrating the integrated flow of multiple activities performed ...
... Gartner Glossary Wireless technology developed by Motorola that combines the capabilities of a digital cellular telephone, two-way radio, alphanumeric pager and data/fax modem. iDEN can be operated in the 800MHz, 900MHz and 1.5GHz bands and is based on TDMA and GSM architectures. iDEN’s main differen ...
... Maintenance services include both hardware maintenance and support services, and network software maintenance and support services. Hardware maintenance and support services are preventive and remedial services that physically repair or optimize hardware, including contract maintenance and per-incident ...
... Gartner Glossary The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET), the forerunner of the Internet, was a pioneering long-haul network funded by the U.S. Department of Defense’s Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA). It served as the test bed for many areas of internetworking technology development ...
... Gartner Glossary This segment includes service-focused partner relationship management applications designed to improve an enterprise’s ability to market, sell and service end customers through channel partners. Key components include entitlement management, order management, service-level management ...
... Gartner Glossary These applications are designed within a CRM environment that enable field service technicians or dispatchers to diagnose problems categorically, identify the required parts and information, and dispatch them to the client or site. The system identifies the proper tools or materials ...
... proficiency or time allocation for citizen developers but they must be legal employees of an organization. Read Now: 2022 Leadership Vision for Software Engineering Leaders Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve your most pressing challenges. ...
... wide variety of application services, processes and methodologies for maintaining, enhancing and managing custom applications, packaged software applications or network-delivered applications. ...
... WAN enable application centralization by mitigating latency effects and reducing bandwidth costs through the use of bandwidth reduction algorithms, network-level optimization, and other application layer protocol spoofing and optimization techniques that may compensate for lossy links. SoftWOCs provide ...
... Gartner Glossary Embedded software and electronics hardware design includes the development of all software and electronics-related hardware, such as sensors, processors and operating systems, built into a vehicle, as well as its various components and parts, such as entertainment and engine management ...
... Software as a service (SaaS) is software that is owned, delivered and managed remotely by one or more providers. The provider delivers software based on one set of common code and data definitions that is consumed in a one-to-many model by all contracted customers at anytime on a pay-for-use basis or ...
... Gartner Glossary Computer-aided software engineering (CASE) is an umbrella term for a collection of application development tools designed to increase programmer productivity. They include technologies such as application generators and PC-based workstations that provide graphics-oriented automation ...
... Gartner Glossary Software whose basic functionality is to produce basic rent rolls and feed to general ledger; to track simple information about leased or owned property (e.g., renewal dates, term dates, amount of square footage and basic breakdown of divisions or departments in space for space allocation ...
... Gartner Glossary Shadow IT refers to IT devices, software and services outside the ownership or control of IT organizations. ...
... Gartner Glossary Network configuration and change management (NCCM) tools focus on discovering and documenting network device configurations; detecting, auditing and alerting on changes; comparing configurations with the policy or “gold standard” for that device; and deploying configuration updates ...
... Gartner Glossary A now-defunct vendor consortium, which was formed to promote interoperability and portability across Unix platforms. The group’s first project was the Common Desktop Environment (CDE) specification ...
... management- Global trade financial management Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... platform expertise — just limited application and appliance-specific expertise. Gartner has defined four fundamental types of computing appliances — see separate entries for server appliance, storage appliance, network appliance and client appliance. ...
... Gartner Glossary Software change and configuration management (SCCM — mainframe and distributed) tools implement a set of disciplines used to stabilize, track and control the versions and configurations of a set of software items and also may include development change management, defect tracking, change ...
... Glossary Crisis/incident management (C/IM) software is used to manage the actions of the workforce and other key stakeholders in response to a particular crisis or incident with a consistent and quick approach so as to return to normal as soon as possible. C/IM software functionality should include crisis communications ...
... Gartner Glossary Hierarchical storage management products operate on defined storage policies that provide for the automatic migration of files to secondary storage. Archiving products provide for the storing of a point-in-time version of a file for historical reference. Active archiving products provide ...
... Gartner’s Pace-Layered Application Strategy is a methodology for categorizing, selecting, managing and governing applications to support business change, differentiation and innovation. Measure your maturity and identify high-priority objectives with Gartner's IT Score for Applications. ...
... Gartner Glossary Mobile and wireless infrastructure software platforms refer to development tools and deployment servers that are used to create brand-new customer mobile applications or to “mobilize” established conventional enterprise applications, e-mail and enterprise data stores. ...
... Gartner Glossary This category includes security information and event management software products providing: Security event management — The ability to process near-real-time data from security devices and systems to determine when security events of interest have occurred Security information management ...
... Gartner Glossary Social software technologies are transforming human capital management (HCM)-related processes and systems. Social networks, such as LinkedIn, Xing, Twitter and Facebook, have altered recruitment techniques and strategies, and wikis and internal blogs enable policies and procedures ...
... Gartner Glossary Wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (WDM-PON) is a fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) solution characterized by the use of a PON structure plus the use of multiple wavelengths that can be dedicated for each user or shared among a group of users. This increases the capacity ...
... Gartner Glossary Should support the concept of a transaction, including atomicity (either all changes take place or none take effect) to enable operating-system or application data recovery mechanisms to be implemented. ...
... Gartner Glossary Data quality software as a service (SaaS) refers to data quality functionality (such as profiling, matching, standardization and validation) delivered using a model in which an external provider owns the infrastructure and provides the capabilities in a shared, multitenant environment ...
... Gartner Glossary Cascading faults are defined as network faults (outages) that generate other faults. ...
... Gartner Glossary Natural-language processing (NLP) technology involves the ability to turn text or audio speech into encoded, structured information, based on an appropriate ontology. The structured data may be used simply to classify a document, as in “this report describes a laparoscopic cholecyste ...
... Gartner Glossary OMA-defined specification for the delivery of PTT walkie-talkie services over a packet radio network, typically GPRS. ...
... Gartner Glossary A broadcast storm is defined as excessive one-to-many or many-to-many transmissions, especially troublesome on Ethernet networks. ...
... terrestrial or nonmobile connection of individual users or small workgroups to a data source or network interface beyond the boundary defined by a building or campus. The connection is generally via a wide-area network (WAN), which, in most cases, is outside the sphere of ownership and management of the enterprise ...
... Gartner Glossary A style guide that defines the look, feel and interoperability of software applications. ...
... Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard that defines an approach for routing Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) over low-power wireless networks. 6LoWPAN is intended to bring the benefits of standard IP networking to low-power mesh and sensor networks, which, in the past, often used proprietary technologies ...
... Gartner Glossary Voice over wireless LAN (VoWLAN) is defined as the use of VoIP technology and wireless network components to support voice over Wi-Fi. ...
... services transfer all or part of the day-to-day management responsibility for a customer’s network environment (including LAN hardware and software, WAN — voice and data — and voice network hardware and software) and, in some cases, the ownership of the technology or personnel assets, to an outside vendor ...
... Initiation Protocol. It defines how applications and services are delivered to customers, regardless of the access network on which they run. IMS separates session control from the host application for maximum flexibility and standardizes the signaling and control layer, together with network-based and Web-enabled ...
... added functions that elevate the role of the network well beyond that of plain communication. Whereas a conventional network simply aims to transfer data between sending application systems and explicitly defined destinations, an ENS offloads work from the application systems because it: Offers enhanced ...
... volume management, storage virtualization software, thin provisioning, disk utilities, access and path management, and emerging technologies that do not fit into one of the other segments. Storage virtualization software, whether on a server or in the storage network or in the disk array, creates an abstraction ...
... Gartner Glossary DBMS architectures were defined before relational theory became widely used. The prerelational DBMS generally is based on a hierarchical structure or a navigational (also known as network) structure. ...
... Managed file transfer (MFT) is a technology that provides the secure transfer of data in an efficient and a reliable manner. Unlike traditional file transfer tools, such as FTP and scripting, MFT core functionalities include the ability to secure files in transit and at rest, and reporting and audit ...
... Glossary Development and integration services support the implementation and rollout of new network infrastructure, including consolidation of established network infrastructure. Activities may include hardware or software procurement, configuration, tuning, staging, installation and interoperability testing ...
... project to define the requirements and basic framework for UMTS 3G mobile networks. R.99 defined the UTRA and the basic features of this early 3G development. R.4 (Release 4) — Specifications (released in 2004) for the next evolution beyond R99. R4 was the first step toward an all-IP core network, adding ...
... Gartner Glossary A backbone is defined as a high-speed line or series of lines that forms the fastest (measured in bandwidth) path through a network. It often acts as a metanetwork. ...
... differentiation that exist between server platforms: performance and scalability, high availability, software vendor enthusiasm, platform architectural longevity, systems and network management software, and maintenance. ...
... Gartner Glossary Node B is a WCDMA/UMTS term for a radio base station receiver, as defined by the 3GPP. It provides radio coverage and converts data between the radio network and the RNCs. ...
... Application sharing is defined as the ability of two or more participants to have equal and simultaneous control over the content of a document inside an application (e.g., a word processing document, spreadsheet or conference slide) over a wide-area network, local-area network or modem connection. Enables ...
... Gartner Glossary Enterprises need software and development patterns to deal with RFID data and hardware. Currently, the most popular approach is to put in middleware that acts like an integration broker between RFID readers and business applications that need to receive the data. ...
... Glossary Data dependency mapping products are software products that determine and report on the likelihood of achieving specified recovery targets, based on analyzing and correlating data from applications, databases, clusters, OSs, virtual systems, networking and storage replication mechanisms. These products ...
... Gartner Glossary The capability to define resources on one or more interconnected midrange systems as transparently available to users and applications from within the specified group of loosely coupled systems in a local-or metropolitan-area network. ...
... technology (OT) is hardware and software that detects or causes a change, through the direct monitoring and/or control of industrial equipment, assets, processes and events. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading ...
... mode (ATM) quality of service category, defined by the ATM Forum. Both real-time variable bit rate (rtVBR) and non real-time variable bit rate (nrtVBR) are defined. Apart from the traffic parameters for peak cell rate (PCR) and sustainable cell rate (which defines the average bit rate required by the application ...
... Gartner Glossary Broadcast can be defined as follows: Delivery of a transmission to two or more stations at the same time, such as over a bus-type local network or by satellite. Protocol mechanism whereby group and universal addressing is supported. ...
... Gartner Glossary Content analytics defines a family of technologies that processes digital content and user behavior in consuming and engaging with content, such as documents, news sites, customer conversations (both audio and text), and social network discussions, to answer specific questions. ...
... are host controller and network protocols that are taking advantage of the parallel-access and low-latency features of solid-state storage and the PCIe bus. NVMe-oF extends access to nonvolatile memory (NVM) remote storage subsystems across a network. The specification defines a common protocol interface ...
... into tasks performed on separate computers connected over a network. In most cases, the “client” is a desktop computing device (e.g., a PC) or a program “served” by another networked computing device (i.e., the “server”). Gartner has defined five styles of client/server computing, based on how presentation ...
... Gartner Glossary Voice application servers consist primarily of software, operating on Sun or Linux servers located in a service provider network, and functioning in conjunction with other standard network elements such as routers, gateways, integrated access devices (IADs) and telephones. This category ...
... Class-based queuing (CBQ) is a mechanism that defines various levels of service for access to the Internet and can be used with or without Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP). CBQ divides traffic into queues and assigns each a specific amount of network bandwidth. ...
... Glossary A cell site is defined as the entire set of equipment needed to receive and transmit radio signals for cellular voice and data transmission; typically includes transmitters, receivers, power amplifiers, combiners, filters, a digital signal processor, a power supply and network interface modules. ...
... Gartner Glossary A business rule engine (BRE) is a specific collection of design-time and runtime software that enables an enterprise to explicitly define, analyze, execute, audit and maintain a wide variety of business logic, collectively referred to as “rules.” A BRE can be purchased independently ...
... Gartner Glossary A product is a named collection of business capabilities valuable to a defined customer segment. A product may be just software and data. Alternatively, it may comprise any combination of software, hardware, facilities and services, as required to deliver the entire product experience ...
... Gartner Glossary A tool or toolset (hardware and software) to allow monitoring of wide-area network (WAN) traffic and problems. ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines videoconferencing as communication by individuals or groups using systems that support image, voice and data transfer over digital networks or telephone circuits. Videoconferencing systems can take the form of large, dedicated units for group meetings or can be integrated ...
... Gartner Glossary A cell is defined as the area covered by one fixed BTS in a cellular radio network. It may vary in size from less than a 0.5-km radius to more than a 120-km radius, depending on technology, capacity, atmospheric conditions and power. ...
... Gartner Glossary An evolving discipline consisting of a set of software, hardware, network tools, procedures and policies for enabling distributed enterprise systems to operate effectively in production. DRM embraces solutions for the daily monitoring, resource planning, system administration, change ...
... Gartner Glossary Disaster recovery (DR) is defined as (1) The use of alternative network circuits to re-establish communications channels in the event that the primary channels are disconnected or malfunctioning, and (2) The methods and procedures for returning a data center to full operation after ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines CoDA as an architectural style that builds on service-oriented architecture (SOA) and event-driven architecture (EDA) interaction and partitioning styles, and adds formal mechanisms for the software elements that discover and apply the user’s context in real time. CoDA ...
... Gartner Glossary A software system that can learn new procedures by analyzing the outcome of past events, or that contains a knowledge base of rules that can be applied to new data or circumstances not explicitly anticipated by the developer. Applications include network management, database management ...
... Gartner Glossary The discipline of data integration comprises the practices, architectural techniques and tools for achieving the consistent access and delivery of data across the spectrum of data subject areas and data structure types in the enterprise to meet the data consumption requirements of al ...
... The precise definition of a functional programming language is often a hotly debated topic among computer scientists, but it is generally accepted that such languages emphasize the value of expressions, rather than the execution of commands. These languages enable the programmer to think like a math ...
... Gartner defines total cost of ownership (TCO) a comprehensive assessment of information technology (IT) or other costs across enterprise boundaries over time. For IT, TCO includes hardware and software acquisition, management and support, communications, end-user expenses and the opportunity cost of ...
... Gartner Glossary An outage management system (OMS) is a utility network management software application that models network topology for safe, efficient field operations related to outage restoration. OMSs tightly integrate with call centers to provide timely, accurate, customer-specific outage information ...
... rent) technology solutions across all categories of spend (software, SaaS, cloud, infrastructure, services, devices and network). Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines the market for industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) platforms as a set of integrated software capabilities. These capabilities span efforts to improve asset management decision making, as well as operational visibility and control for plants, depots, infrastructure and ...
... Gartner Glossary A software modification inserted into an operating system or application, to intercept the normal data flow and provide additional functionality. Often used by third-party vendors to provide enhanced networking features. ...
... these main areas: hardware (inventory, provisioning and asset), software (configuration management, software distribution and updates), security (block list, encryption, antivirus, authentication, jailbreak/rooted notification) and network service management. ...
... relational database management systems (RDBMSs). Encryption can be implemented using native DBMS tools, third-party software tools and network-based appliances, or implemented within storage networks via fabric-based encryption. Database encryption is increasingly being implemented as a regulatory check box ...
... Best-in-class is defined as the superior product within a category of hardware or software. It does not necessarily mean best product overall, however. For example, the best-in-class product in a low-priced category may be inferior to the best product on the market, which could sell for much more. ...
... compliance. SIEM technology aggregates event data produced by security devices, network infrastructure, systems and applications. The primary data source is log data, but SIEM technology can also process other forms of data, such as network telemetry. Event data is combined with contextual information about users ...
... processes in real time via a single software architecture on a client/server platform. Enterprise software is expanding its scope to link the enterprise with suppliers, business partners and customers. Apply new and emerging approaches to design, develop and govern software with Gartner's Strategic Roadmap ...
... selected by the user. CPS may be open (hosted by a company that enables other enterprises to use its hardware, software and network to produce printed materials) or closed (a proprietary network that is available to only the enterprise’s customers).Cloud printing enables end users, whether professional ...
... Gartner Glossary Application life cycle management platform as a service (ALM PaaS) solutions are defined as cloud-delivered tools designed to govern the development and delivery of software. These platforms combine core ALM capabilities with extensibility based on Web service protocols and delivery ...
... Multitenancy is a reference to the mode of operation of software where multiple independent instances of one or multiple applications operate in a shared environment. The instances (tenants) are logically isolated, but physically integrated. The degree of logical isolation must be complete, but the degree ...
... a scripting environment for authoring business rules and interfaces to a variety of third-party applications. 91 Percent of Marketing Automation Software Buyers Are Shopping for the First Time, Finds 2014 Study ...
... Protocol television (IPTV) refers to the network architecture, equipment and technologies, middleware and software platforms used to deliver standard or high-definition television (HDTV) signals, in real time, over managed communications service provider (CSP) networks. Until recently, IPTV services were ...
... other social networking approaches, such as blogs and wikis) is subject to vandalism and manipulation; nevertheless, it is a fine example of collective intelligence.Do not confuse folksonomies with taxonomies. Folksonomies structure content via user tags; taxonomies are classifications defined by more formal ...
... other social networking approaches, such as blogs and wikis) is subject to vandalism and manipulation; nevertheless, it is a fine example of collective intelligence.Do not confuse folksonomies with taxonomies. Folksonomies structure content via user tags; taxonomies are classifications defined by more formal ...
... management and control of software via a platform-independent automated facility that: 1. Ensures that access and use are in alignment with associated licensing agreements. 2. Provides the basis for determining enterprise use requirements. 3. Integrates with systems and network management tools. ...
... social interactions and is enabled by a communications capability, such as the Internet or a mobile device. Examples are social software (e.g., wikis, blogs, social networks) and communication capabilities (e.g., Web conferencing) that are targeted at and enable social interactions. ...
... Gartner Glossary A mobile portal is an Internet gateway that enables mobile devices to connect remotely with an enterprise intranet or extranet, typically via a Web browser interface. Consumer-oriented mobile portals provide access to mobile services and content using channels such as SMS, a microbro ...
... A processor architecture that shifts the analytical process of a computational task from the execution or runtime to the preparation or compile time. By using less hardware or logic, the system can operate at higher speeds. RISC cuts down on the number and complexity of instructions, on the theory t ...
... service discovery. All services can be accessed from a subscriber’s contact list. RCS services will be available across any network and any device. Specifications have been defined and developed to date in five phases and/or releases. ...
... Mobile device management (MDM) includes software that provides the following functions: software distribution, policy management, inventory management, security management, and service management for smartphones and media tablets. MDM functionality is similar to that of PC configuration life cycle management ...
... authorization and management features being offered as part of an e-commerce system, there are security software products that work with Web servers and e-commerce systems, allowing administrators to define generic user roles and authorize user access to Web-based data and resources across multiple applications ...
... Gartner Glossary X Windows is the software system written for managing windows under Unix. A graphics architecture, application programming interface (API) and prototype implementation developed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, X Windows defines a client/server relationship between the ...
... appropriate frequencies, protocols and modulation to coexist with other devices. It gives flexibility of operation that goes way beyond that of software-defined radio (SDR). SDR enables wireless devices to switch dynamically between protocols and frequencies, and is also a foundation that can be used to ...
... Gartner Glossary 5G is the next-generation cellular standard after 4G. It has been defined across several global standards bodies, including the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), 3GPP and ETSI. The official ITU specification, International Mobile Telecommunications-2020, targets maximum downlink ...
... and other input/output peripheral devices, networking and file management, and other resource allocation functions between software and system components. The OS provides the foundation on which applications, middleware and other infrastructure components function. An OS usually provides user interfaces ...
... handled by the framework. It is part of the Apache project sponsored by the Apache Software Foundation. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert ...
... Gartner Glossary A voice response unit (VRU) is an automated telephone answering system consisting of hardware and software that allows the caller to navigate through a series of prerecorded messages and use a menu of options through the buttons on a touch-tone telephone or through voice recognition ...
... leakage points throughout the network and customer-facing systems, and to correct data before it reaches the billing system. The distinctions between revenue assurance and other disciplines are often blurred. Revenue assurance sometimes extends into areas such as network assurance, service assurance, ...
... Gartner Glossary Innovative business models and processes will be the main way that RFID begins to be justified. But enterprises don’t have many applications to manage these processes today. For example, real-time management of inventory in a retail environment is almost unheard of today, and retaile ...
... Gartner Glossary OneAPI, as defined by the telecom industry—led by the Global System for Mobile Communications Association (GSMA) and the Open Mobile Alliance (OMA)—is a set of standardized and lightweight Web-friendly application programming interface (API) for communications service providers (CSPs ...
... primary storage element in mobile computing, and in data centers only, SSDs act as storage network accelerators. SSD categories are not restricted to specific form factors or interfaces; rather, they are defined by the end-consumption requirements. This category excludes embedded solid-state storage deployments ...
... on separate computers. Physical connectivity can occur via a direct channel connection, a local-area network (LAN), a peer-to-peer communication link or a primary/secondary link. The application software can exist in a distributed processing environment, but this is not a requirement. ...
... Storage resource management (SRM) software provides near-real-time and historical information for the storage infrastructure regarding availability, capacity and performance, device management, problem determination, configuration planning and change management. SRM software identifies storage usage, availability ...
... have it on their product road maps. The breadth of functionality varies considerably among vendors. Social software is having an impact, and many vendors are looking to leverage social networks such as Facebook, LinkedIn and Twitter. Improving the hiring manager and candidate user experience is key to ...
... Gartner Glossary Channel integration refers to strategies aimed at consolidating — either physically or logically — customer information and its use to provide an all-encompassing view of the customer. ...
... Gartner Glossary A user experience platform (UXP) is an integrated set of technologies used to provide interaction between a user and a set of applications, processes, content, services or other users. A UXP has several components, including portals, mashup tools, content management, search, rich Int ...
... Gartner Glossary Build-operate-transfer (BOT) is a contractual relationship in which an organization hires a service provider to set up, optimize and run an IT or business process service delivery operation with the contractually stipulated intent of transferring the operation to the organization as ...
... The field of human augmentation (sometimes referred to as “Human 2.0”) focuses on creating cognitive and physical improvements as an integral part of the human body. An example is using active control systems to create limb prosthetics with characteristics that can exceed the highest natural human p ...
... supported across the heterogeneous computing, storage and network infrastructure components located at the remote recovery facility. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences ...
... computer containing files available to all users connected to a local-area network (LAN). In some LANs, a microcomputer is designated as the file server, while in others it is a computer with a large disk drive and specialized software. Some file servers also offer other resources such as gateways and protocol ...
... products and services can also be integrated with networks and systems, IT business applications and, in some cases, consumer applications and devices. ...
... inclusive of server, storage and networking resources, including Internet Protocol (IP) address automation and storage naming, with some providers also focused on enabling hybrid cloud environments between their customers and service providers, and provisioning the software stack above the hypervisor and ...
... technology (such as SMS). Instead, it requires network operators to deploy new infrastructure, including a multimedia messaging service center. It uses a wireless data bearer to deliver messages and requires MMS functionality in mobile devices. The MMS standard was defined jointly by the 3GPP (TS 23.140) and the ...
... LCAS were added to the standards, as well as support for increased control plane functionality as defined in the standards for Automatic Switched Transport Network (ASTN)/Automatic Switched Optical Network (ASON). In addition, vendors have added cross-connect functionality to SDH/SONET equipment to support ...
... recently, enterprise collaboration vendors were fairly distinct from those for enterprise communications, with software companies like Microsoft and IBM dominating the former and telephony and networking vendors comprising the latter. However, this distinction has become blurred because Microsoft and IBM offer ...
... of tools and methods from software development to enable enterprises to dynamically adjust data center and cloud infrastructure by using programmable interfaces. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading ...
... Gartner Glossary Contains all commercial product information that enables product marketing managers to define and map new product offerings. This encompasses certain sets of tools that allow configuration of new products and service bundles, pricing and discounts. ...
... Gartner Glossary Routers are a class of network controller that determines the best route for data and voice transmissions between a transmitter (sender) and a receiver. They are typically controlled by software and can be programmed to provide the most inexpensive, fastest or least-busy routes available ...
... definition include IM and chat, videoconferencing, audioconferencing, and a wide variety of social software, such as blogs, communities of practice, social bookmarking and tagging, expertise location, social network analysis, and wikis. A blog represents a form of asynchronous but collective Web publishing, ...
... services, especially on microservices. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... A blockchain is an expanding list of cryptographically signed, irrevocable transactional records shared by all participants in a network. Each record contains a time stamp and reference links to previous transactions. With this information, anyone with access rights can trace back a transactional event ...
... Product life cycle management (PLM) is a philosophy, process and discipline supported by software for managing products through the stages of their life cycles, from concept through retirement. As a discipline, it has grown from a mechanical design and engineering focus to being applied to many different ...
... Glossary A software concept and infrastructure — supported by several major computing vendors (notably Microsoft and IBM) — for program-to-program communication and application component delivery. The Web services concept treats software as a set of services accessible over ubiquitous networks using Web-based ...
... Enterprise fraud management (EFM) software supports the detection, analytics and management of fraud across users, accounts, products, processes and channels. It monitors and analyzes user activity and behavior at the application level (rather than at the system, database or network level), and watches what transpires ...
... including software, hardware, communications technologies and related services. In general, IT does not include embedded technologies that do not generate data for enterprise use. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through ...
... Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is defined as the ability to deliver an integrated suite of business applications. ERP tools share a common process and data model, covering broad and deep operational end-to-end processes, such as those found in finance, HR, distribution, manufacturing, service and ...
... Gartner defines customer experience as the customer’s perceptions and related feelings caused by the one-off and cumulative effect of interactions with a supplier’s employees, systems, channels or products. Customer Experience Strategy ...
... A chatbot is a domain-specific conversational interface that uses an app, messaging platform, social network or chat solution for its conversations. Chatbots vary in sophistication, from simple, decision-tree-based marketing stunts, to implementations built on feature-rich platforms. They are always ...
... that may include designing or building a customized architecture or application, integrating it with new or existing hardware, packaged and custom software, and communications. Most enterprises rely on an external contractor for program management of most or all phases of system development. This external ...
... A digital twin is a digital representation of a real-world entity or system. The implementation of a digital twin is an encapsulated software object or model that mirrors a unique physical object, process, organization, person or other abstraction. Data from multiple digital twins can be aggregated for ...
... be performed by a dedicated device (a protocol converter); by a software package loaded onto an existing system, such as a general-purpose computer, front-end processor, or private branch exchange (PBX) system; or by a value-added network, such as Telenet. ...
... underlying CPUs and operating systems. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... tablets, using dedicated software agents or web browser technologies. It is also known as remote desktop services, terminal services and presentation virtualization. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading ...
... competency centers, the most common type in an information services organization, are used for application development, software language skills, data management, Internet development and network design. Within the enterprise, it is increasingly common to find competency centers (or shared services) for travel ...
... main task is to remove all deviations from global standards and to focus on a defined, European-specific set of requirements. ETSI also ensures interoperability among standards, such as Integrated Services Digital Network, GSM and Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). Successor to the EV-DO ...
... include: WMSs: Labor management systems Yard/dock management Returns management Inventory control TMSs: Domestic transportation management software Global multimodal transportation management (managing transportation around multimodal processes) GTM systems: Trade compliance International ...
... inventory optimization and demand sensing), and with the support of a foundational SCP system of record (SOR). Gartner defines five maturity stages for S&OP. Stages 1 to 3 are typically supported by various solutions, including ERP solutions, SCP solutions, Microsoft Excel spreadsheets and business intelligence ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines public cloud computing as a style of computing where scalable and elastic IT-enabled capabilities are provided as a service to external customers using Internet technologies—i.e., public cloud computing uses cloud computing technologies to support customers that are ...
... Also known as a “process information management system,” a PIMS is a client/server application for the acquisition, display, archiving and reporting of information from a wide variety of control, plant and business systems. A critical component in a manufacturing enterprise’s application architectur ...
... programs to a sales force. Enterprises can employ push technology to communicate externally with their clients or internally with their employees over a network. ...
... Gartner Glossary Bandwidth can be defined as follows: The range of frequencies that can pass over a given transmission channel. The bandwidth determines the rate at which information can be transmitted through the circuit: the greater the bandwidth, the more information that can be sent in a given ...
... fixed-network services (data retail, Internet retail, voice retail and wholesale) and mobile services. Fixed-data services — Includes all dedicated/private line, packet and circuit-switched access services (for example, frame relay, asynchronous transfer mode, IP, Integrated Services Digital Network, DSL ...
... OS and was originally designed as free software for open-source development. Its source code can be freely modified, used and redistributed by anyone under the GNU Public License. Several GUIs run on top of Linux, including K Desktop Environment and GNU Network Object Model Environment. Of the many distributions ...
... Bimodal is the practice of managing two separate but coherent styles of work: one focused on predictability; the other on exploration. Mode 1 is optimized for areas that are more predictable and well-understood. It focuses on exploiting what is known, while renovating the legacy environment into a s ...
... architecture based on SIP and the Diameter authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) protocol. IMS defines how applications and services are delivered to customers, regardless of which network they run on. It separates session control from the actual applications for maximum flexibility, and can ...
... concept can be implemented through many different kinds of software tools; those aimed solely at BAM are called “BAM platform products.” Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences ...
... Gartner Glossary At its core, .NET represents Microsoft’s implementation of the Web services concept, which treats software as a set of services accessible over ubiquitous networks using Web-based standards and protocols, although Microsoft has broadly applied the .NET moniker to several independent ...
... distinguished from other computers by its adherence to hardware and software compatibility. This compatibility drives high-unit volumes of commoditylike products that do not require on-site technical support. High-performance features, such as networking, graphics and a virtual multiuser/multitasking OS, are normally ...
... with a variety of methodologies to assist in the creation of highly modular and reusable software. Most also support the use of Domain Specific Language concepts as a complement to UML. Applications, data, networks and computing systems are treated as objects that can be mixed and matched flexibly rather ...
... growing rapidly should pay special attention to scalability when evaluating hardware and software. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights ...
... IT governance (ITG) is defined as the processes that ensure the effective and efficient use of IT in enabling an organization to achieve its goals. IT demand governance (ITDG—what IT should work on) is the process by which organizations ensure the effective evaluation, selection, prioritization, and ...
... Social profiles are a description of individuals’ social characteristics that identify them on social media sites such as LinkedIn and Facebook, when using tools such as digg and Delicious as well as collaboration applications such as Jive, IBM Connections or Socialtext. Profiles describe any number ...
... Enterprise solutions are designed to integrate multiple facets of a company’s business through the interchange of information from various business process areas and related databases. These solutions enable companies to retrieve and disseminate mission-critical data throughout the organization, pro ...
... server-based energy management software tools are specifically designed to measure the energy use within server units. They are normally an enhancement to existing server management tools, such as HP Systems Insight Manager (HP SIM) or IBM Systems Director. These software tools are critical to gaining ...
... technologies, subindustries or topical issues. They require high-end professional services such as business process re-engineering, system and network integration and software customization. ...
... Gartner Glossary Public-key infrastructure (PKI) was developed mainly to support secure information exchanges over unsecure networks. It has been used to ensure that the person identified as sending a transaction is the originator, that the person receiving the transaction is the intended recipient ...
... Vendor-neutral specifications must be comprehensive, consistent, and either publicly available or licensed at a nominal fee. Additionally, they must be defined by a multilateral association that is representative of a broad cross-section of the computer industry, open to new members, publishes the rules of ...
... tools for e-discovery and classification. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... Gartner Glossary There are two types of workflow management: Internal and external process integration—a workflow approach that allows for the definition of business processes that span applications, including those that come from different vendors. This usually requires a standards-based commercial ...
... An enterprise that specializes in implementing, planning, coordinating, scheduling, testing, improving and sometimes maintaining a computing operation. SIs try to bring order to disparate suppliers. ...
... See the entry for “Integrated Risk Management (IRM)” instead. ...
... Augmented reality (AR) is the real-time use of information in the form of text, graphics, audio and other virtual enhancements integrated with real-world objects. It is this "real world" element that differentiates AR from virtual reality. AR integrates and adds value to the user's interaction with ...
... distribution, combined with a high degree of sophistication in terms of dynamic contact traffic management. Contact center systems are defined as follows: They are software applications typically residing on an adjunct server or switch-based processor system, located either at a customer’s premises or at ...
... required considerable investment and the interposition of a private network — or substantial bilateral negotiation — to achieve interoperability, while the latter are ubiquitous and broadly interoperable. With the Internet and ubiquitous software to implement Internet transport protocols, business partners ...
... with 100 to 999 employees. The second most popular attribute used to define the SMB market is annual revenue: small business is usually defined as organizations with less than $50 million in annual revenue; midsize enterprise is defined as organizations that make more than $50 million, but less than $1 ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner first defined an IT infrastructure utility (IU) as a shared IT infrastructure architecture provided through on-demand services. More broadly, we define infrastructure utility services (IUS) as the provision of outsourced, industrialized, asset-based IT infrastructure managed ...
... Glossary An access point is a pico base station or network access point in a WLAN radio network, consisting of a radio (often more than one) and a network connection, enabling WLAN clients to access network resources connected to a home or enterprise network. ...
... mechanisms for defining the structure, scripting, populating (filling) and output channels of documents. 1. Structure definition consists of tools to define components (e.g., title, author, introduction, conclusion) and their sequence (e.g., “introductions” precede “conclusions”). The defined sequence cannot ...
... A platform is a product that serves or enables other products or services. Platforms (in the context of digital business) exist at many levels. They range from high-level platforms that enable a platform business model to low-level platforms that provide a collection of business and/or technology ca ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines “performance management” as the combination of methodologies and metrics that enables users to define, monitor and optimize outcomes necessary to achieve organizational goals and objectives. ...
... services with a confirmed business value. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... Gartner Glossary A portion of network that may be physically independent of another network portion, but both portions of the network share the same network address, and the portion is distinguished by a subnet number. ...
... Gartner Glossary Band can be defined as follows: The range of frequencies between two defined limits. In wide-area telephone service (WATS), the specific geographical area in which the customer is entitled to call. ...
... the relevant risks to an organization. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... delivering services and processing data. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... Gartner Glossary The enterprise technology architecture (ETA) viewpoint defines reusable standards, guidelines, individual parts and configurations that are technology-related (technical domains). ETA defines how these should be reused to provide infrastructure services via technical domains. ...
... gateway server) that controls access to the network and monitors the flow of network traffic. A firewall can screen and keep out unwanted network traffic and ward off outside intrusion into a private network. This is particularly important when a local network connects to the Internet. Firewalls have become ...
... industry cooperation between Ericsson, Nortel, NEC, Siemens and Huawei to define an open and published interface between radio equipment control and the radio equipment. Although open and freely available, this interface is not defined by 3GPP and is targeting WCDMA. ...
... Cost optimization is a business-focused, continuous discipline to drive spending and cost reduction, while maximizing business value. It includes: Obtaining the best pricing and terms for all business purchases Standardizing, simplifying and rationalizing platforms, applications, processes and s ...
... a fixed radio transceiver in any mobile network. The BTS connects mobile devices to the network. It sends and receives radio signals to mobile devices and converts them to digital signals that it passes on the network to route to other terminals in the network or to the Internet. ...
... telephony), and network equipment (LAN and WAN). Enterprise networking and communications — Enterprise networking and communications includes telecom equipment and systems that are based in consumer and business locations and that connect either with the PSTN or to private data or voice networks. ...
... while away from the home network. This includes automated roaming between GSM networks, SIM-based roaming, where a user switches the SIM card into a mobile phone from a different network, or roaming across technologies (for example, between a WCDMA network and the GSM network of another operator). Roaming ...
... CableLabs) for packetized voice-over-cable networks. Softswitch architectures are mostly being deployed in traditional operators’ core networks for wireline or mobile trunking, and in the networks of long-distance service providers. Many voice-over-broadband networks are based on Class 5 architecture to provision ...
... as determined in policies and standards. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... strategies and, in doing so, align their network strategies with their business or process strategies. These services support customers’ IT initiatives by providing strategic, architectural, and operational and implementation planning related to their networks. Strategic planning includes advisory ...
... Layer 2 networking maintained by the IEEE and hardwired into network adapters; also called MAC address. • Ethernet, thick: Ethernet coaxial cable suitable for networks that are medium/large or with widely spaced nodes. • Ethernet, thin: Ethernet coaxial cable suitable only for small networks with closely ...
... public switched telephone network (PSTN) or to private data voice networks. • Carrier infrastructure equipment services — Infrastructure equipment includes all forms of equipment (and some systems and integrally related services) that combine to form the communications networks used by public service operators ...
... technologies, commonly carrier MPLS networks and IPsec virtual private networks (VPNs) over Internet infrastructure, in a consolidated enterprise WAN. While Internet-based VPNs are commonly used for smaller offices, and MPLS tends to be the basis of major corporate network backbones and larger offices, this ...
... Gartner Glossary All earth stations and network operation centers on the ground that comprise a particular satellite communications system or network. The ground segment can be connected to an end user’s equipment directly or over a terrestrial network. ...
... Gartner Glossary A proprietary network management draft developed jointly by 3Com and IBM that specifies using Common Management Information Protocol (CMIP) over Logical Link Control (LLC) to provide network management of devices on mixed-media local-area networks (LANs). ...
... is capable of transporting voice and data packets over the same network. Unlike circuit-switched networks, IP doesn’t require a dedicated connection for an entire call. Voice signals are converted to packets that are sent across the network and reassembled in the correct order when they reach their destination ...
... event history and current risk assessment. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... Glossary The Application Development (AD) software market comprises tools that represent each phase of the software development life cycle: Application Lifecycle Management (ALM), design, construction, automated software quality and other Application Development software. ...
... yet interconnected networks that use the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) protocols for communications. The Internet evolved from research done during the 1960s on a network called the ARPANet. It provides universal connectivity and three levels of network services: connectionless ...
... data to, or manages data for, other network-connected computing devices. Unlike server appliances, storage appliances provide or manage data without an application context. This category of computing devices includes network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) devices. See computing appliance ...
... Gartner Glossary A unique, active service access point to a network. This includes machine-to-machine network access as well as human access. In mobile networks, this may be taken to refer to an active subscriber identity module (SIM). A single subscriber may operate several different cellular connections ...
... Gartner Glossary An entity that owns/operates a telecom network and sells network capacity to other telecom service providers. ...
... Remote access is a process that connects remote users to enterprise networks and applications when the users are out of the office. Multiple technologies can supply remote access, including: Virtual private networks (VPNs) Zero trust network access (ZNTA) Virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) Desktop as a ...
... Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is the standard protocol for the Internet and related networks such as intranets and extranets. Local-area networks (LANs) often rely on a different protocol. Networks and systems cannot communicate unless they use the same protocol or make use of a gateway. ...
... Gartner Glossary Wide-area network (WAN) replacement uses Internet-based virtual private networks (VPNs) or managed VPN services to connect branch offices. ...
... Gartner Glossary A network management tool that monitors data packets on a network to help administrators ensure message integrity and service quality. ...
... transactions through the real-time, near-real-time or batch analysis of activities by users and other defined entities (such as kiosks). It uses background server-based processes that examine users’ and other defined entities’ access and behavior patterns, and typically compares this information to a profile ...
... the usage of software licenses. Software can be licensed in one of the following ways: individual (it cannot be shared with other users); site (a limited number of people can use the software); concurrent use (usage is limited to a maximum number of users at a particular time). The software vendor usually ...
... Gartner Glossary Style of networking in which computers communicate directly with one another rather than routing traffic through managed central servers and networks. ...
... Gartner Glossary A negotiated contract between a user and a network provider that renders some degree of reliable capacity in the shared network. ...
... Gartner Glossary If a signal passes through a network or facility unchanged, that network or facility is said to be transparent to it. ...
... variations for non-Roman character sets. Messages received are stored in the network if the subscriber device is inactive and are relayed when it becomes active. SMS has become available increasingly in CDMA networks and in some fixed networks. ...
... enhanced Ethernet networks. The goal of enhanced Ethernet is to provide a unified network that can transport multiple types of traffic, including FC storage, Internet Protocol (IP) and high-performance computing over Ethernet with a line speed of 10 Gbps or greater, eliminating storage network islands, such ...
... servers are used to aggregate storage on consumer home networks. Although similar to less-expensive home network-attached storage (NAS) devices, home servers are more sophisticated devices geared to aggregating a broader range of services on a home network. These services center on storage/media streaming ...
... stations are typically owned by the company receiving the data from the satellite network, thus must operate within certain specified parameters to maintain the network’s stability. Earth stations are part of a satellite network’s ground segment, which consists of all earth stations operating in a satellite ...
... Gartner Glossary SBCs connect IP networks (enterprise to service provider) and introduce new edge requirements in three major areas: security, service assurance and law enforcement. SBCs sit at the edge of the service provider’s network and complement established routers with their ability to perform ...
... Gartner Glossary The eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) is an XML-defined standard used for analyzing, exchanging, and reporting financial and other business information. It defines the contents of financial reports and statements to make it easier to disseminate, access and compare financial ...
... Gartner Glossary Multiprocessor machines designed as network servers, combining input/output (I/O) capabilities of minicomputers with the capability to run industry-standard network operating systems. ...
... Gartner Glossary An operations support system (OSS) facilitates the operations of a communication carrier’s transport network. An OSS can be thought of as a network-facing system. ...
... protection created by different control classes. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... Server virtualization software to host desktop software (as a server workload) Brokering/session management software to connect users to their desktop environments Tools for managing the provisioning and maintenance (for example, reimages) of the virtual desktop software stack ...
... analysis and triage can be performed by leveraging a combination of human and machine power — help define, prioritize and drive standardized incident response activities. SOAR tools allow an organization to define incident analysis and response procedures in a digital workflow format. Where should SOAR ...
... preset intervals. A network caching server has the ability to listen on the network and intercept protocol requests on its associated Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) ports. This alleviates the need to have the enterprise’s browser configured to “know” where the server sits on the network. ...
... generation—and in which the network is upgraded to Long Term Evolution (LTE) and becomes Internet Protocol (IP) end-to-end—the ability to perform traffic shaping, and perhaps blocking, becomes important.Mobile DPI can be a stand-alone network element, or part of existing network elements. ...
... server virtualization software to host desktop software (as a server workload), brokering/session management software to connect users to their desktop environment, and tools for managing the provisioning and maintenance (e.g., updates and patches) of the virtual desktop software stack. ...
... Gartner Glossary Dynamic routing is a method of wide-area network transmission that uses a router to select the most appropriate path for each section of data packet transmission along a network. ...
... Gartner Glossary A database whose objects (tables, views, columns and files) reside on more than one system in a network, and can be accessed or updated from any system in the network. ...
... A telephone switching system on a customer’s premises that allows telephones to interface with one or more public switched telephone network, or a private voice network when the user dials an access code. ...
... Gartner Glossary A backbone router is a router designed to be used to construct backbone networks using leased lines. Backbone routers typically do not have any built-in digital dial-up wide-area network interfaces. ...
... A media gateway is an infrastructure network element that converts one or more input protocols or media to one or more output media or protocols, such as TDM circuit-switched networks, ATM or IP. It acts as a translation unit between disparate telecom networks, such as PSTNs, NGNs, second-generation ...
... Gartner Glossary Mesh topology network based on Wi-Fi standards but typically linked together by proprietary extensions. The Wi-Fi Alliance Task Group 802.11s is developing an IEEE standard for Wi-Fi mesh. See also mesh network. ...
... Gartner Glossary The process of bringing a file down to a computer through a network and typically from a server, or some other computing device. Download times can be greatly affected by the method of connection to the network. ...
... Gartner Glossary Software programs in a system are either application programs or supervisory programs, also called system software. Application programs contain instructions that transfer control to the system software to perform input/output and other routine operations, working through the application ...
... Gartner Glossary In asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks, connection admission control (CAC) is a function that checks whether network resources are available to support the quality of service and traffic parameters of an incoming connection. Also known as “call admission control.” ...
... Gartner Glossary 1. A term used to refer to packaged software applications (from the shrink-wrapped packaging typical of such products). 2. Term initially used to describe an unsigned software license agreement that is deemed accepted when the user breaks a shrink-wrapped seal or opens an enclosed ...
... Asia/Pacific countries/markets have licensed deployment of GSM networks on 900MHz and 1,800MHz spectrums, and in North America GSM has been deployed on 800MHz and 1,900MHz. A quad-band phone allows the user to roam automatically among networks on any of these frequencies in any of these countries, providing ...
... between different networks or applications. The gateway converts information, data or other communications from one protocol or format to another. A router may perform some of the functions of a gateway. An Internet gateway can transfer communications between an enterprise network and the Internet. Because ...
... telecommunications services or some combination of information and media services, content, entertainment and application services over networks, leveraging the network infrastructure as a rich, functional platform. CSPs include the following categories: telecommunications carrier, content and application ...
... logical computer process, widespread in the operation of communications devices and networks, where a user-entered variable is matched against an array of predefined values. 2. A frequently used logical process in network routing, access security and modem operation. ...
... the sales floor of a retail store. It is sometimes referred to as narrowcasting, interactive signage, electronic signage networks, digital communications or digital media networks. ...
... Gartner Glossary Database in a wireless network containing customer data, including service entitlements and call-routing information. In combination with the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI), it provides the network mechanism for the cell-to-cell handover of calls and for local and international ...
... Gartner Glossary Back-end is defined as the server side of a client/server system. ...
... Gartner Glossary A specification that defines the operations and the data attributes for a set of objects. ...
... Gartner Glossary Life span (lifetime) refers to the average life of a device within the defined segment. ...
... Gartner Glossary Measure (in milliseconds) of the latency of a network — that is, the time between initiating a network request and receiving a response. High latency tends to have a greater impact than bandwidth on the end-user experience in interactive applications, such as Web browsing. See also ...
... Gartner Glossary Voice encryption is defined as a function that enables a device to transport digitized voice signals. ...
... phone equipped with a microbrowser and network data capability through Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) or other Web integration technologies. These devices differ from smartphones (see separate entry) in that the latter are more data-centric, offering network-independent (offline) applications such ...
... Gartner Glossary 10 Gbps passive optical network (10G-PON) is a next-generation solution following the current-generation gigabit passive optical network (GPON) (ITU-T G.984) and Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) (IEEE 802.3ah) solutions, basically offering higher bandwidth and additional features ...
... additional mobile network operators or to provide additional capacity and coverage, many European and Asia/Pacific countries/markets have licensed deployment of GSM networks on both 900MHz and 1,800MHz spectrum. A dual-band GSM phone enables the user to roam automatically across networks on either frequency ...
... Gartner Glossary Bundling is defined as the practice of packaging multiple features and products together for a single price. ...
... Gartner Glossary A bookmark is defined as a pointer to an Internet address kept within a Web client (browser). ...
... Gartner Glossary Radio modulation scheme that defines separate uplink and downlink frequencies, enabling users to transmit and receive simultaneously. ...
... Glossary E1 is the European equivalent of T1; a common carrier-provided point-to-point digital line service used in private data networks and cellular, Wi-Fi and fixed-network backhaul. An E1 delivers 2.048 Mbps capacity that can be split into multiple 64 Kbps channels, and is typically charged by distance ...
... Gartner Glossary Mobile centrex is a network-based service using wireless mobile phones that enables traditional PBX-style calling features. Mobile centrex can be provided in several forms: IP PBX with cellular or Wi-Fi dual-mode handsets, private base stations with cellular single-mode handsets, or ...
... services for hardware or software, which can be performed by the manufacturer of the product or parties other than the vendor that created the product. These services can be provided by several types of vendors, typically including hardware OEMs, such as Dell, HP, EMC or IBM; and software publishers, such as ...
... Gartner Glossary A public domain alternative to Document Object Model (DOM) that defines an event-oriented interface for Java applications. ...
... Gartner Glossary A set of protocols covering (approximately) the network and transport layers of the seven-layer Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) network model. TCP/IP was developed during a 15-year period under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Defense. It has achieved de facto standard status ...
... Gartner Glossary Extensible authentication protocol (EAP) is an extensible framework and transport for other network access authentication protocols. The original dial-up Point-To-Point Protocol (PPP) provided only basic security by using Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) and Challenge Handshake ...
... process, common process steps are often DMADV (i.e., Define needs, Measure critical to quality items, Analyse processes, Design product or service, and Verify need alignment). For process improvement, common process steps are often DMAIC (i.e., Define opportunity, Measure performance, Analyze opportunity ...
... and management services across the SAP portfolio of products for clients worldwide. Comprehensive is defined as follows: • A distinct offering, consistent with common market service offerings as defined by the following: scope of service, delivery structure, intellectual property (IP), roles and responsibilities ...
... Gartner Glossary Describes a contract that defines the vendor’s contribution to the customer in terms of specific benefits to the customer’s business. Such a contract also defines the payment the customer will make according to the vendor’s performance in delivering those business benefits. Gain-sharing ...
... Gartner Glossary Guidelines for defining how different people or communities within an organization deal with data elements owned by the organization. ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines ultra-high-speed broadband Internet as residential services that support download speeds of more than 50 Mbps. ...
... Interconnection model. WIPS can detect the presence of rogue or misconfigured devices and can prevent them from operating on wireless enterprise networks by scanning the network’s RFs for denial of service and other forms of attack. ...
... created, controlled and changed, regardless of the kind of network or platform on which they run. IMS promises to bring flexibility, operational effectiveness, openness and standardization to the delivery of applications across fixed and mobile networks. It specifies a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)-based ...
... Gartner Glossary A link-state protocol that uses a set of user-defined parameters to find the optimum route between two points. ...
... physically connects to the PSTN, IP network or ATM network. A softswitch is also known as a call agent, a call server or an MGC. It is a device that provides the traditional call control functions or switching matrix of a Class 4 and Class 5 switch. In a mobile network, a softswitch is also called a mobile ...
... Gartner Glossary Agile is a development approach that delivers software in increments by following the principles of the Manifesto for Agile Software Development. ...
... Gartner Glossary Mobile PC ODMs are defined as mobile PC contract manufacturers that provide mobile PC manufacturing services to mobile PC OEM vendors. ...
... Gartner Glossary A management information base (MIB) is a Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) flat-file, nonrelational database that describes devices being monitored. Network management platforms monitor nodes by reading the value of the managed resources in the MIB. Management platforms can ...
... Carrier frequency is defined as the frequency of a carrier wave, measured in cycles per second, or Hertz, that is modulated to transmit signals. ...
... that do not significantly affect usage. Major bugs may not only affect software and hardware, but could also have unintended effects on connected devices or integrated software and may damage data files. ...
... source to a data stream), a streaming server that delivers the encoded media over a network, and a client media player that cooperates with the server to deliver uninterrupted media. To compensate for variations in network quality and latency, the client buffers a few seconds of audio or video before beginning ...
... to IT whereby individuals tailor information-based and collaborative technologies to support interactions with relatively large and often loosely defined groups. ...
... Gartner Glossary Metalanguage is a language used to describe a language. A metalanguage defines a language’s constructs, such as character sets, syntax and valid sequences. ...
... Gartner Glossary Skills are the observable manual capabilities required in the execution of a job or task. They define “what” is performed within a job. ...
... critical to the compatibility of hardware, software, and everything in between. Industry standards enable the essential elements of a computer and related infrastructure to work together. Standards provide specifications to hardware manufacturers and software developers that allow them to create products ...
... Gartner Glossary The content, communications and collaboration software market sector comprises software products, tools and hosted services to organize, access, use and share content. Content management and/or collaboration initiatives involve managing and interacting with a multitude of content types ...
... systems are built from distributed control and communications technologies. They are designed to communicate over peer-to-peer networks or over high-speed fiber-optic networks, operating either autonomously or in concert with substation automation systems. Advanced distribution protection must also be ...
... consumer channel counts for consumer Integrated Services Digital Network [ISDN]) and VoIP connections. Note that “virtual” VoIP connections used for voice communications, usually via a broadband connection to the Internet or some other IP network. The “virtual” line has to be associated with a telephone number ...
... Gartner Glossary We define terabit-per-second transport as systems with one or more wavelengths each operating at one terabit per second (1 Tbps) or above. ...
... Gartner Glossary The value stream is defined as the specific activities within a supply chain required to design, order and provide a specific product or service. ...
... Gartner Glossary Authorization is defined as a process ensuring that correctly authenticated users can access only those resources for which the owner has given them approval. ...
... Gartner Glossary Demand response (DR) is broadly defined as a measure for reducing energy load in response to supply constraints, generally during periods of peak demand. ...
... Gartner Glossary A defined protocol with options applicable for specific functions that can be implemented as a product. Also called a functional standard or functional profile. ...
... basis. Included in this category are stand-alone products for software distribution, various discovery requirements, remote control, software packaging, personality migration, software usage metering and mobile device management. Also included here are product suites that lead with provisioning and CM but ...
... encompasses advances in hardware and software that enable system management software applications that provide management to the desktop, mobile system or server, and the integration with system management tools and frameworks. The innovations in hardware and software collectively enterprises should understand ...
... Gartner Glossary Object-based middleware is runtime software that enables objects (components) to work cooperatively with a container program or another object, even if the software is distributed across multiple computers. ...
... Gartner Glossary Middleware is the software “glue” that helps programs and databases (which may be on different computers) work together. Its most basic function is to enable communication between different pieces of software. ...
... IP version 4 (IPv4), the most widely used networking protocol. The main benefits of IPv6 are vastly increased address space, integrated security and quality-of-service mechanisms, as well as support for autoconfiguration and mobility. In addition, large network operators may see better routing stability ...
... main power network or “islanded” in a controlled, coordinated way. The operation of microgrids offers advantages to customers and utilities by improving energy efficiency, reducing transmission and distribution losses, improving reliability, reducing environmental impact, improving network operational ...
... provider (ISP) offering that prioritizes which traffic is delivered before other traffic. With COS, when an ISP’s network is not congested, all traffic is treated equally. When the network is congested, however, traffic that has been designated as a higher priority will be delivered first, while lower ...
... main power network or “islanded” in a controlled, coordinated way. The operation of microgrids offers advantages to customers and utilities by improving energy efficiency, reducing transmission and distribution losses, improving reliability, reducing environmental impact, improving network operational ...
... Gartner Glossary Identity and access management (IAM) as a service (IAMaaS) refers to software as a service (SaaS) forms of IAM that require minimal or no enterprise on-premises presence of hardware or software. ...
... Gartner Glossary Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) is defined as the manufacturing of goods controlled and automated via computer and robot. Frequently used in conjunction with computer-aided design (CAD). ...
... Gartner Glossary The range of frequencies defined and dedicated to a particular type of service or radio technology; a frequency band is usually divided into a number of channels. ...
... Gartner Glossary Self-service business intelligence is defined here as end users designing and deploying their own reports and analyses within an approved and supported architecture and tools portfolio. ...
... Software that can run on a variety of hardware platforms or software architectures. Platform-independent software can be used in many different environments, requiring less planning and translation across an enterprise. For example, the Java programming language was designed to run on multiple types ...
... Gartner Glossary Media Access Control is an IEEE protocol defining the methods used to gain access to the physical layer of a LAN (i.e., Layer 1 of the OSI model). ...
... Gartner Glossary Call processing is defined as the sequence of operations performed by a switching system from the acceptance of an incoming call through the final disposition of the call. ...
... the bridge between a circuit-based trunk switch and a packet-based IP or ATM backbone network. In certain implementations, it completely bypasses the tandem switch (Class 4). It takes care of the PSTN-to-packet-network transition at the trunk level and is connected to the local or trunk exchange. A TMG ...
... systems are used at major network nodes to cross-connect a number of inbound and outbound circuits. The cross-connecting of circuits is done when circuits are provisioned, but, typically, cross-connects are also used to implement various schemes for protection switching and network restoration. In the SDH ...
... Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) and Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) markets for more than a decade. ROADMs enable communications service providers (CSPs) to automate the way individual wavelengths of WDM systems are routed through their networks, mainly in ring configurations, with protection switching ...
... Gartner Glossary Measure of the responsiveness of a network, often expressed as the round-trip time (in milliseconds); that is, the time between initiating a network request and receiving a response. High latency tends to have more impact than bandwidth on the end-user experience in interactive applications ...
... Gartner Glossary The smart grid is a vision of the future electricity delivery infrastructure that improves network efficiency and resilience, while empowering consumers and addressing energy sustainability concerns. To make the grid “smarter,” and capable of addressing the need to decarbonize generation ...
... Gartner Glossary People associated and interlinked in a communication or knowledge network because of their shared interest or shared responsibility for a subject area. Examples are people who hold similar job functions (project managers, department managers, team leaders or customer service agents) ...
... phenomenon made possible by: (1) social networking facilitation of acknowledged expert(s) in a field of study; (2) freely accessible online resources; and (3) hundreds to thousands of registered students. MOOCs have free (no fee) open enrollment to anyone anywhere with network access. MOOCs do not seek or require ...
... Gartner Glossary Describes the import and sale of mobile devices outside regular commercial channels as defined by the original manufacturer or the relevant government, creating a parallel market to authorized distribution channels. ...
... Gartner defines IT operations as the people and management processes associated with IT service management to deliver the right set of services at the right quality and at competitive costs for customers. ...
... emulates the instruction set of one processor type by hardware, firmware and/or software running on a different processor type. It can apply emulation to individual programs or on entire virtual machines. A user who owns software developed to run on one chip type would be able to use it on a server with incompatible ...
... Gartner Glossary A standard language for defining objects’ abstract descriptions in terms of their external interfaces (i.e., methods and parameters). The IDL compiler will create relevant runtime static and dynamic interface binding information. ...
... Gartner Glossary Value-adding activities are defined as those activities within a company or supply chain that directly contribute to satisfying end consumers, or those activities consumers would be happy to pay for. ...
... information through Web-based applications designed to help them create, post and share text, pictures, audio and video. Examples are blogging software, software for sharing photos and presentations and audio/video sites. ...
... Gartner Glossary A bottleneck is defined as the operation with the least capacity in a total system with no alternative routings; the total system can be effectively scheduled by simply scheduling the limiting operation. ...
... Gartner Glossary A technique used to track faults in networks, such as cable breaks or loose connections. A pulse of a known shape is transmitted over the network and an echo is created when the pulse hits an obstacle or cable end. The time elapsed between the sending of the pulse and receiving the ...
... Gartner Glossary High-definition (HD) voice is also known as wideband voice. Compared to traditional telephony voice over public switched telephone networks (PSTNs) and cellular, HD voice uses double the sampling rate, reproducing a much larger sound frequency and delivering all, or most, of the frequencies ...
... 2000 operating system. Active Directory manages the identities and relationships of the distributed resources that make up a network environment. It stores information about network-based entities (e.g., applications, files, printers and people) and provides a consistent way to name, describe, locate, access ...
... learning, pattern matching, forecasting, visualization, semantic analysis, sentiment analysis, network and cluster analysis, multivariate statistics, graph analysis, simulation, complex event processing, neural networks. Advanced Data and Analytics: What Do Leading Organizations Do? Read Research. ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines a synchronized bill of materials (BOM) capability as enabling value chains, including OEMs, suppliers and service organizations (such as electronics manufacturing services), to synchronize different views of items in different BOMs. ...
... Gartner Glossary Memory overcommit is a term used to describe the ability to run multiple virtual machines (VMs) when the total memory defined for the VMs is higher than the physical memory that’s actually available. ...
... Gartner Glossary A service catalog contains templates with specifications that define parameters and features of a service (such as bandwidth and speed). Compared to the product catalog, the service catalog describes product features in technical terms. ...
... IT strategy is the discipline that defines how IT will be used to help businesses win in their chosen business context. Use our IT strategy template to translate your strategy story into an effective strategic plan. ...
... Glossary In its widest sense, voice switching, control and applications (VSCA) refers to the functions performed in a network that alter the path taken by information as it traverses that network, whether in real time or near real time. In this sense, switching includes packet-routing technologies (for example ...
... Gartner Glossary Constant bit rate (CBR) is an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) service category, defined by the ATM Forum, that guarantees a constant bandwidth with low delay, jitter and cell loss. Circuit emulation is a typical application. ...
... Gartner Glossary A business intelligence competency center (BICC) develops the overall strategic plan and priorities for BI. It also defines requirements, such as data quality and governance and fulfills the role of promoting the use of BI. ...
... determination and resolution is at the computing hardware level or the infrastructure software or OS software level. Application management services are included only to the extent of the infrastructure software or OS software level. A desktop system can include any client system (including a notebook) and ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines business process as an event-driven, end-to-end processing path that starts with a customer request and ends with a result for the customer. Business processes often cross departmental and even organizational boundaries. ...
... Gartner Glossary A DBMS is a product used for the storage and organization of data that typically has defined formats and structures. DBMSs are categorized by their basic structures and, to some extent, by their use or deployment. ...
... virtual tape library (VTL) is a disk appliance that has special software that makes the device appear as a physical tape drive or tape library to the backup application; the device is accessed through standard tape interfaces. The backup software believes it is writing the backup data to a real tape cartridge ...
... VM and virtual machine monitors (VMMs). The key to “virtualizing” a server is the hypervisor. A hypervisor is a layer of software (the term “software” can mean preloaded software that runs in a protected area or microcode/firmware, depending on the implementation) that runs directly on hardware and allows ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner’s CORE risk assessment and reporting steps are used to define business operational risks, to report risks to management, investors, regulators and customers in a consistent form, and to determine when contingency and recovery strategies are required. ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines digital forensics as the use of specialized, investigative techniques and technologies to determine whether illegal or otherwise inappropriate events have occurred on computer systems, and provide legally defensible information about the sequence of those events. ...
... Biometric authentication methods use biometric characteristics or traits to verify users’ claimed identities when users access endpoint devices, networks, networked applications or Web applications. Across a wide range of use cases, any biometric authentication method may be used in one-to-one comparison ...
... Protocol (IP) core and radio transport networks for voice, video and data services; and support for call control and signaling. With peak data rates of 100 Mbps in WANs and 1 Gbps in fixed or low-mobility situations, and all-IP core, radio access and transport networks, 4G will be mostly implemented as LTE-A ...
... Glossary A browser is a software program used to locate and display information on the Internet or an intranet. Browsers are most often used to access Web pages. Most can display graphics, photographs and text; multimedia information (e.g., sound and video) may require additional software, often referred to ...
... Customer communications management (CCM) is defined as the strategy to improve the creation, delivery, storage and retrieval of outbound communications, including those for marketing, new product introductions, renewal notifications, claims correspondence and documentation, and bill and payment notifications ...
... Gartner Glossary The Clinical Context Object Workgroup (CCOW) is a group that defines standards for collaboration among visual (GUI-based) applications on clinical workstations. Originally an independent consortium, CCOW is now technical committee of the Health Level Seven (HL7) standards organization ...
... Gartner Glossary Integration services are detailed design and implementation services that link application functionality (custom software or package software) and/or data with each other or with the established or planned IT infrastructure. Specific activities might include project planning, project ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines Pattern-Based Strategy as the discipline that enables business leaders to seek, amplify, examine and exploit new business patterns. A business pattern is a set of recurring and/or related elements (business activities, events, weak or strong signals) that indicates a ...
... Gartner Glossary Continuous integration (CI) systems provide automation of the software build and validation process driven in a continuous way by running a configured sequence of operations every time a software change is checked into the source code management repository. These are closely associated ...
... management [PCCLM] tools) manage the configurations of client systems. Specific functionality includes OS deployment, inventory, software distribution, patch management, software usage monitoring and remote control. Desktop support organizations use client management tools to automate system administration ...
... Gartner Glossary A carrier system is defined as the means of obtaining a number of channels over a single path by modulating each channel on a different carrier frequency and demodulating at the receiving point to restore the signals to their original frequency. ...
... Gartner Glossary A bid is defined as follows: An attempt to gain control over a line in order to transmit data, usually associated with the contention style of sharing a single line among several terminals. A vendor’s proposal to win a contract. ...
... Gartner Glossary A unique identification number that defines an item at the identifiable inventory level; for example, in retail applications, the SKU may designate style, size and color. A more detailed level would be at the serial number or unique identifier level. ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines enterprise metadata management (EMM) as the business discipline for managing the metadata about the information assets of the organization. Metadata is “information that describes various facets of an information asset to improve its usability throughout its life cycle ...
... Gartner Glossary Reduced-feature version of Java defined by Sun Microsystems for use in mobile devices, such as mobile phones. Java ME (formerly known as Java 2ME) is part of a set of related Java technologies that includes definitions of profiles and configurations. ...
... Gartner Glossary An entity that leverages satellite network to provide telecommunication services. ...
... constraints, work in progress or planned work, multiple steps in the production process, multiple nodes in a supply chain network (including, in some sophisticated use cases, supplier networks) and various rules to calculate accurate promises. Newer systems also consider non-production-related constraints, ...
... location of a mobile user as determined by using network and/or mobile-device-based technology. Technologies supporting this include cell of origin (also known as cell ID), AOA, time of arrival (TOA), EOTD and GPS or assisted GPS. GPS can be used without network modification but requires mobile devices to ...
... broadcasting (DAB) transmits digital signals rather than the analog audio signals traditionally used in broadcast radio. DAB is broadcast on terrestrial networks, with future prospects for satellite broadcasting. Apart from receiving high-quality audio entertainment via the radio, programs can be accompanied ...
... voice portals are speech recognition, text to speech, information aggregation, categorization software, telephony and Internet interfaces, and administrative interfaces. Optional components include software to support context-sensitive, personalized assistance (for example, an intelligent assistant) ...
... across data center, PC and software delivery. It can have many meanings and interpretations from the industry, vendors with related market initiatives and derivatives. However, appliances are more than just IT bundles with marketing; they offer joint technology, hardware, software management and services ...
... Gartner Glossary Best practice is defined by Gartner as a group of tasks that optimizes the efficiency (cost and risk) or effectiveness (service level) of the business discipline or process to which it contributes. It must be implementable, replicable, transferable and adaptable across industries. ...
... processes and technologies employed by an enterprise to protect its physical assets. Physical security is optimized to levels that business leaders define, balancing the resources required with usability/manageability and the amount of risk offset. ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines the concept of hybrid thinking as an organic discipline for taking on wicked problems by iteratively implementing transformative, innovative, and strategic change via the co-creative exploration of human-centered experiences that are culturally meaningful, technically ...
... Gartner Glossary In data communications testing, block error rate is defined as the ratio between the total number of blocks transmitted in a given message and the number of blocks in that message received in error; a measure of the quality of a data transmission. ...
... Gartner defines a core banking system as a back-end system that processes daily banking transactions and posts updates to accounts and other financial records. Core banking systems typically include deposit, loan and credit processing capabilities, with interfaces to general ledger systems and reporting ...
... Gartner Glossary Total number of new connections to a network in a given year. ...
... Gartner Glossary An entity that owns/operates a fixed-line network infrastructure (including fixed wireless). ...
... Gartner Glossary In a frame relay network, the minimum speed to be maintained between nodes. ...
... prepackaged or pre-configured, balanced set of hardware (servers, memory, storage and input/output channels), software (operating system, database management system [DBMS] and management software), service and support. It is sold as a unit with built-in redundancy for high availability and positioned as ...
... alternative terminology, put them on a software bus where all other processes can “see” them. Application processes generally indicate which messages they are interested in by supplying one or more rules to the integration broker (IB). Also described as a software bus architecture. ...
... Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) tracks the address of nodes, routes outgoing messages, and recognizes incoming messages. Current networks consist of several protocols, including IP, Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX), DECnet, AppleTalk, Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) and LLC2. This ...
... desktop services (such as desktop virtualization) or remote access (such as virtual private networks). Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights ...
... Gartner Glossary Gross new connections minus the number of disconnections from the network in a given period. ...
... Gartner Glossary An Object Management Group (OMG) interoperability standard for object-oriented applications communicating over heterogeneous networks. ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines “claims analytics” as the use of business intelligence (BI), reporting solutions, dashboards, data mining and predictive modeling technologies to manage and analyze claims data, which can result in improved performance. Overall, three processes are supported in claims ...
... material requirements planning, it is found by reviewing each bill-of-material path below the item, and whichever path adds up to the greatest number defines cumulative material lead time. ...
... Gartner Glossary In December 2005, IMT-A became the ITU’s official term for 4G mobile telephony. ITU defines the objectives of IMT-A as providing throughout of up to 100 Mbps for a moving mobile device and 1 Gbps for a static device. See also 4G and LTE. ...
... technology (typically NAND flash or DRAM), rather than hard-disk drives (HDDs) and include fully integrated, higher-level optimization software. The storage software management layer should enable one or more of the following benefits: high availability (HA), enhanced capacity efficiency, automated data ...
... Gartner Glossary The connection of multiple physical local-area networks (LANs) to support a single logical LAN environment. ...
... Gartner Glossary In-orbit satellite portion of a particular satellite communications system or network. See also ground segment. ...
... Gartner Glossary The edge is the physical location where things and people connect with the networked, digital world. ...
... Gartner Glossary Consumer electronics industry special interest group set up to define a next-generation standard for a wireless digital interface for streaming high-definition (HD) content among source devices and HD displays. The first version of WiHD aims to achieve 4 Gbps data rates using the unlicensed ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines portfolio management as a shift from the practice of using a single integrated application for the support of business requirements to using a collection of applications, technologies and services to create a system that addresses the unique requirements of an organization ...
... descriptions and behaviors of objects in an enterprise, including requirements, policies, processes, data, software libraries, projects, platforms and personnel, with the potential of supporting both software development and operations management. As a single point of definition for all system resources, it ...
... Gartner Glossary The practice of bypassing the HR department to define and implement technology practices to support human capital management (HCM) issues. When no clear HCM strategy is in place, business leaders formulate departmental plans and adopt the technologies they feel they need to support ...
... Glossary A system of computers and/or controllers tools used to schedule, dispatch and track the progress of work orders through manufacturing based on defined routings. SFCs typically calculate work in process based on a percentage of completion for each order and operation that are useful in inventory valuations ...
... is a W3C open standard for describing data using embedded tags. Unlike HTML, XML does not describe how to display elements on the page but rather defines what the elements contain. It has become the standard for business-to-business transactions, electronic-data interchanges and Web services. ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines transmedia as a style of storytelling that employs a collection of complementary elements such a video, text, photos and games that can be experienced in a variety of forms and contexts. Transmedia content is being deployed by media companies and advertisers using a ...
... processes and technologies employed by an enterprise to protect its cyber and physical assets. Security is optimized to levels that business leaders define, balancing the resources required with usability/manageability and the amount of risk offset. Download this eBook to upgrade your security and risk ...
... Gartner Glossary A type of health maintenance organization (HMO) plan that offers limited coverage for care received outside the HMO’s network. ...
... Gartner Glossary An entity that owns/operates both fixed-line and mobile network infrastructure and provides aforementioned services (fixed and mobile). ...
... 10 days or 30 days). Examples of maintenance include regulatory changes, software upgrades, new release installations and “fix it if it breaks” troubleshooting. AMO may involve the transfer of people and application software to the vendor. ...
... Gartner Glossary Instant communications security and compliance consists of solutions that protect instant communications sent over networks, while also ensuring regulatory compliance. ...
... Gartner Glossary An umbrella term for several different versions of technology that link the Internet and an automated teller machine (ATM) networks. ...
... Gartner Glossary Over the air (OTA) refers to the ability to download applications, services and configurations over a mobile or cellular network. ...
... than one user. A type of embedded programmable logic, ASSPs combine digital, mixed-signal and analog products. When sold to a single user, Gartner defines such ICs as “application-specific integrated circuits” ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines all-in-one (AIO) PCs as desk-based PCs that have the monitor housed within the system casing. The monitor is a flat screen, which can be a touchscreen. Examples include Apple’s iMac, HP’s TouchSmart, Lenovo’s ThinkCentre Edge, Dell’s Inspiron One, Acer’s Z5801, Asus’ ...
... predicate logic, but is difficult for average users to deal with, and its most fruitful position is as a protocol for software-to-software connectivity, rather than for human-to-software access. ...
... Glossary Use of the Common Management Information Protocol (CMIP) to manage gateways in a Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) network. ...
... Gartner Glossary One of a series of lines that can be interconnected through a switching center; a line on the public telephone network. ...
... Gartner Glossary Part of a GPRS BSS product, the PCU provides an interface between the SGSN and the radio network using frame relay technology. ...
... Gartner Glossary Provides services on a point-to-point basis without the necessity to change the data to accommodate differing network types or protocols. ...
... Gartner Glossary MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding (AVC), or MPEG-4 Part 10, is the standard defined by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) for compressing audio and visual data for: Internet over-the-top (OTT) streaming video Internet Protocol television (IPTV) Digital broadcast TV Cable and satellite ...
... Gartner Glossary A Gartner concept that defines the creation, assembly and production functions to support the complete document life cycle. Creation includes document component modeling, authoring, content identification, revision, review and approval; assembly includes document aggregation modeling ...
... represents best practices in the technology planning and adoption process. STREET is suitable for an emerging technology group to use or adapt in defining its own internal process, or for business leaders, innovators or other individuals involved in innovation adoption to use as a checklist of key activities ...
... metrics to display indicators with intuitive visualization, including charts, scales, gauges, and traffic lights that show indicator progress toward defined goals. ...
... Gartner defines information governance as the specification of decision rights and an accountability framework to ensure appropriate behavior in the valuation, creation, storage, use, archiving and deletion of information. It includes the processes, roles and policies, standards and metrics that ensure ...
... that demand cost-effective, innovative forms of information processing that enable enhanced insight, decision making, and process automation. Define key data & analytics decisions contributing to business growth. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... A cybersecurity policy defines and documents an organization’s statement of intent, principles and approaches to ensure effective management of cybersecurity risks in pursuit of its strategic objectives. Use this eBook to bring cyber awareness to your organization for better management of risk(s). ...
... Gartner defines cloud engineering as the process of designing the systems necessary to leverage the power and economics of cloud resources to solve business problems. Explore how cloud technology is shaping the future of digital business - Download the 2022 Top Tech Trends eBook Gartner Webinars Expert ...
... exchange (PABX): A private automatic telephone exchange that provides for the transmission of calls internally and to and from the public telephone network. Also private branch exchange (PBX). 2. Private automatic telex exchange (PATX): Provides telex service within and without an enterprise (largely obsolete ...
... An access media gateway (AMG) serves as the bridge between a circuit-based voice switch and a packet-based IP or ATM access network. An AMG takes care of the PSTN-to-packet-network transition at the local-loop level and is connected to the local exchange or an access node. It has Class 5 switch interfaces ...
... VAs) help users or enterprises with a set of tasks previously only made possible by humans. VAs use semantic and deep learning (such as deep neural networks [DNNs], natural language processing, prediction models, recommendations and personalization) to assist people or automate tasks. VAs listen to and ...
... Gartner Glossary A system component that enables communication over digital access facilities with a remotely located system connected to the public network over analog facilities. ...
... Gartner Glossary A type of computing appliance that provides end-user access to applications. Examples include network computers and certain handheld computers. See computing appliance. ...
... following categories: Networking: Familiar home networking technologies (high bandwidth/high power consumption), such as Multimedia over Coax Alliance (MoCA), Ethernet, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, as well as 3G and Long Term Evolution (LTE), are complemented with low-power consumption networking standards for devices ...
... Gartner Glossary Tera-architectures are extremely large-scale computing systems that self-assemble from components and implement resilience through a software architecture designed to detect, tolerate and automatically respond to component failure. Due to the scale (tens or hundreds of thousands of servers ...
... Gartner Glossary A network management agent that comes between an unmanaged device and a management system, allowing management by proxy, i.e., on behalf of the device. ...
... Gartner Glossary A multifunction product (MFP) is a network-attached document production device that combines two or more of the copy, print, scan and fax functions. ...
... Gartner Glossary Device- and network-independent language developed by Openwave for Web programming on a handheld device with limited memory and display, such as a cellular phone. ...
... Gartner Glossary A transmission technique that recognizes current flows rather than voltage levels. It was traditionally used in teletypewriter networks incorporating batteries as the transmission power source. ...
... Gartner Glossary Link redundancy level is the ratio of the actual number of paths to the minimum number of paths required to connect all nodes of a network. ...
... Gartner Glossary Metrication refers to building metrics or measurement tools into applications to monitor what is happening in the network or local environment where the application is operating. ...
... heterogeneous server technology from Unisys that can run any combination of operating systems. that are part of more comprehensive facilities management or network planning applications. ...
... Gartner Glossary A central device, usually in a star topology local-area network (LAN), to which each station’s wiring is attached. Also called wiring concentrator. See intelligent hub. ...
... United Nations, headquartered in Geneva. The ITU is the body through which governments and the private sector coordinate global telecommunications networks and services. ...
... Gartner Glossary The telecommunications switch in an intelligent network which handles a call with reference to supplementary routing and database information contained at a service control point (SCP). ...
... Gartner Glossary The combining of e-business channels and network-based processes with selective investment in physical locations to control local markets, distribution channels, and critical labor accessibility. ...
... Gartner Glossary A cache is defined as a temporary storage area for instructions and data near a computer’s central processing unit (CPU), usually implemented in high-speed memory. It replicates information from main memory or storage in a way that facilitates quicker access, using fewer resources than ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines risk management and compliance consulting services as the bundle of expert-driven consulting services directed at assisting enterprises to identify, manage and mitigate IT and enterprise compliance risk. Although there are myriad types of risk and compliance in the life ...
... indicators that measure desired outcomes, such as students who graduate, incidence of crime and lives lost to terrorism. Leading indicators are a defined set of metrics that are predictive of financial or other desired outcomes. ...
... Gartner Glossary Component-based development (CBD) is defined as a set of reuse-enabling technologies, tools and techniques that allow application development (AD) organizations to go through the entire AD process (i.e., analysis design, construction and assembly) or through any particular stage via ...
... Gartner Glossary Business process re-engineering (BPR) is defined as an integrated set of management policies, project management procedures, and modeling, analysis, design and testing techniques for analyzing existing business processes and systems; designing new processes and systems; testing, simulating ...
... Gartner Glossary C++ is an extension to the C language defined by Bjarne Stroustrop at Bell Laboratories in 1986. As a superset of C, it provides additional features for data abstraction and object-oriented programming. C++ can be used to develop programs for almost all computers. Together, C and C+ ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines a global delivery model as “the optimum combination of processes, end-to-end methodologies and quality procedures, with high-quality skills and resources available internally or externally, in requisite quantities, on a global basis, that enables organizations to maximize ...
... Gartner Glossary An integration appliance can be regarded as a combination of hardware and software that fulfills a specific integration purpose, such as enabling the partially predefined integration of certain applications together with new ones. It is not uncommon to see packaged integration, packaged ...
... definition, execution, monitoring and administration), including support for human- and application-level interaction. BPM pure-play software includes commercially available software products that have all these features: Process orchestration engine Modeling environment Human-to-human workflow Monitoring and ...
... episodes, video game software, maps, electronic books (e-books) and other consumer content. The memory employed is based on reprogrammable NAND flash memory—not to be confused with one-time programmable memory, such as mask ROM or 3D memory, which is often used in storing gaming software content. ...
... station equipment supplier is the licensee of the transmitters. Users have access to the multiple channels of the network rather than the limited number of channels of a private mobile radio network. Many users share all of the available channels. Sharing is accomplished on a first-come, first-served basis ...
... transfer mode (ATM), a virtual channel (VC) is a communications track between two nodes giving the bandwidth needed for a virtual connection across the network. ...
... instant messaging (mobile IM) refers to the use of an online IM application, including presence and buddy lists, on a mobile device and a wireless network. ...
... time difference (E-OTD) measures the time differences of arrival of a signal from three base stations, and can be implemented without changing the network. ...
... Gartner Glossary Unique number of up to 15 digits assigned to each GSM connection, containing country code, network operator code and mobile device number. See also HLR and IMEI. ...
... Gartner Glossary A backplane is the physical connection between the interface cards and the data and power distribution buses in a network device such as a router, hub or switch. ...
... teller machine (ATM) is a public banking machine that is usually hooked up to a central computer through leased local lines and a multiplexed data network. ...
... Gartner Glossary Data transmission over a wireless network using circuit switching rather than packet switching. Once a connection is established, the user is charged for the use of a dedicated circuit. ...
... Gartner Glossary Mobile TV is any linear, continuous content that is streamed or broadcast over a network to mobile phones. This is often referred to as “live” or real-time TV. ...
... CAR) is a metric used Internet quality of service (QoS) agreements to classify and limit customer traffic and manage excess traffic according to the network policy. ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines grid computing as a method for applying large numbers of resources, usually large amounts of processing capacity, to a single task, by applying resources from more than one system. A grid is a collection of resources that’s coordinated to enable the resources to solve ...
... Gartner Glossary A document defining all the operational practices that will be used to maintain the required level of public-key infrastructure (PKI) security. To prove that issued certificates are valid, an enterprise must demonstrate (usually through an audit) adherence to its CPS. The Internet Engineering ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines a high performance workplace as a physical or virtual environment designed to make workers as effective as possible in supporting business goals and providing value. A high-performance workplace results from continually balancing investment in people, process, physical ...
... Gartner Glossary A channel is defined by a combination of three factors: A target device, for example, a mobile phone, personal digital assistant (PDA) or a PC; an interaction paradigm, for example, a graphical user interface (GUI), e-mail, voice response or video; and business practices, that is, channel-specific ...
... terminal is a terminal that does not performing local processing of entered information, but serves only as an input/output device for an attached or network-linked processor. ...
... Gartner Glossary An American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard for 100 megabits per second (Mbps) fiber-optic local-area networks (LANs). Incorporates token processing and supports circuit-switched voice and packetized data. ...
... station is a fixed radio station providing communication with mobile stations and, where applicable, with other base stations and the public telephone network. ...
... Gartner Glossary Fiber-optic cable deployments that are not yet being used to carry network traffic. (The word “dark” refers to the fact that no light is passing through the optical fibers.) ...
... A base station controller (BSC) is a network element that controls and monitors a number of base stations and provides the interface between the cell sites and the mobile switching center (MSC). ...
... Gartner Glossary System that uses passive (non-powered) or active (powered) networking equipment, such as antennas, fiber-optic, coaxial cable and other technologies to extend RF coverage (of any technology) inside a building. ...
... Gartner Glossary An autonomous system number (ASN) is a number assigned to a local network, registered into the carrier’s routing community and placed under the umbrella of an administrative domain called an autonomous system. ...
... Gartner Glossary A Mobile Satellite Service (MSS) is a network of communication satellites intended for use with mobile and portable wireless telephones. There are three major types: aeronautical MSS, land MSS and maritime MSS. ...
... standards. It is aimed at providing a standard framework for worldwide wireless access that links the diverse system of terrestrial- and satellite-based networks. ...
... Gartner Glossary Advanced machine learning algorithms are composed of many technologies (such as deep learning, neural networks and natural language processing), used in unsupervised and supervised learning, that operate guided by lessons from existing information. ...
... Gartner Glossary Mobile IP is a packet-forwarding mechanism for mobile and remote hosts so that remote users can connect to their networks over the Internet. It can work with Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). ...
... facilitate global user adoption of mobile data services by ensuring service interoperability across devices, geographies, service providers, operators and networks. ...
... Gartner Glossary In Gartner’s statistics for mobile network infrastructure, the additional equipment required to support an increase in traffic or coverage. Shipments are calculated by subtracting the current year’s installations from the following year’s installations. ...
... Glossary NTT DoCoMo’s WCDMA cellular service, launched in October 2001, was only the second deployment of its kind in the world — the first being the network of Manx Telecom on the Isle of Man. ...
... Gartner Glossary Multichannel campaign management enables companies to define, orchestrate and communicate offers to customers across websites, mobile, social, direct mail, call centers and email. Digital marketing, which continues to be integrated with campaign management, includes addressable branding ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines integration brokerage (IB) as a category of discrete IT outsourcing for integration projects, such as those involving cloud services integration and supply chain integration. IB is one of three primary cloud services brokerage (CSB) roles and combines cloud-based B2B ...
... one or more IT-intensive business processes to an external provider that, in turn, owns, administrates and manages the selected processes based on defined and measurable performance metrics. BPO offerings are categorized in two major categories: horizontal offerings (those that can be leveraged across ...
... Gartner defines business process as a service (BPaaS) as the delivery of business process outsourcing (BPO) services that are sourced from the cloud and constructed for multitenancy. Services are often automated, and where human process actors are required, there is no overtly dedicated labor pool per ...
... Gartner Glossary An Internet security standard from Netscape Communications, used for its browser and server software. ...
... Gartner Glossary A type of computing appliance that creates, manipulates or provides information to other network-connected computing devices. Unlike storage appliances, server appliances use an application context for the creation, manipulation or provision of information. ...
... problems about IT-related processes, policies, systems and usage. Services include product support capabilities, including elements of hardware and software support, logging of problems, and results analysis (results analysis means analyzing the results of calls taken to resolution of those calls for entry ...
... the control of the enterprise, bound by a common action or opinion, and who affect the enterprise’s success. Mobs, formal communities, and informal networks of friends and groups linked by their liking for a particular product or location are examples of collectives. Collectives refers to all informal ...
... Gartner Glossary Mobile voice over Internet Protocol (mVoIP) offers packet-switched voice communications over a radio access network and can be offered by a communications service provider (CSP) or by a third-party provider (such as Skype). ...
... Gartner Glossary Application infrastructure is software platforms for the delivery of business applications, including development and runtime enablers. ...
... Gartner Glossary A mashup is an assembly of existing software and data services into new Web-based solutions. ...
... integrated into the corporate telephony system to support mobile phones. It can support both single-mode (cellular) and dual-mode (cellular/Wi-Fi) network capabilities. ...
... Gartner Glossary The optical transport function relates to the high-capacity system that aggregates traffic and links network nodes over relatively long distances. It provides the paths (or “pipes”) along which the switching and routing functions steer information. ...
... Gartner Glossary Enhanced messaging service (EMS) uses some features defined in the Short Message Service (SMS) specification to enhance the user experience when sending messages. A thin client is added to the mobile phone and by using standard SMS parameter fields, such as the user data header, binary-encoded ...
... capabilities provide the ability to measure and report the performance of individuals, groups or facilities vs. a predefined standard for performing each defined element of work. ...
... Gartner Glossary A program that objectively defines what skills an enterprise possesses, what skills it will need in the future, when it will need those skills, what strategic value it will place on those skills and how the information technology (IT) employees’ competency levels match the value of ...
... knowledge audit to determine and continually re-evaluate the specific knowledge needs of users and their business processes. The knowledge architect defines knowledge processes and identifies the technology requirements for creating, capturing, organizing, accessing and using knowledge assets. ...
... support provider proactively attempts to eliminate causes and mitigate contributory factors, where feasible and practical, within the scope of the defined support contract. ...
... Individuals who oversee the definition and delivery of knowledge content for their business processes to the knowledge management environment, and define access privileges to their knowledge resources. Human-resources executives are an example of knowledge content owners for benefits information resources ...
... Gartner Glossary Dynamic business process management (BPM) is defined as the ability to support process change by any role, at any time, with very low latency. It is a set of disciplines combined with technologies that enhance the ability of a person or system to make appropriate and timely changes ...
... improvements in microprocessor performance and new algorithms to reduce rebuild times and storage protection overhead, while making protection levels a user-defined option. The availability of ever-larger-capacity disks is making the deployment of these new protection schemes a necessity. ...
... Gartner defines dark data as the information assets organizations collect, process and store during regular business activities, but generally fail to use for other purposes (for example, analytics, business relationships and direct monetizing). Similar to dark matter in physics, dark data often comprises ...
... Gartner defines innovation management as a business discipline that aims to drive a repeatable, sustainable innovation process or culture within an organization. Innovation management initiatives focus on disruptive or step changes that transform the business in some significant way. Here's your quick ...
... international standardization in a broad range of industries. ISO’s Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Reference Model establishes guidelines for network architectures. ...
... Virtual customer premises equipment (vCPE) is the use of industry-standard x86 devices, rather than function-specific appliances, for enterprise network edge functions, including WAN edge routers, WAN optimization controllers (WOCs), and security functions such as firewalls. ...
... Gartner Glossary 3GPP architectural framework for the evolution of the core network to LTE. The SAE provides a lower-latency, packet-optimized system that supports multiple radio access technologies, including UTRAN, Wi-Fi and WiMAX, as well as wired technologies. ...
... Gartner Glossary Unique identity number assigned to a GSM device that can be recognized and blocked by the network to which it is connected. It is useful for fraud prevention and to bar access using a stolen phone. See also IMSI. ...
... Gartner Glossary E-Business (electronic business) is any process that a business organization conducts over a computer-mediated network. Business organizations include any for-profit, governmental, or nonprofit entity. Their processes include production-, customer-, and internal- or management-focused ...
... Gartner Glossary An initiative originally set up to develop a uniform synchronization protocol operating on any device over any network and among various vendors’ products. The protocol was intended to provide support for a wide range of transports and media types. ...
... Gartner Glossary A home hub is a type of home system controller capable of managing smart home devices across multiple networks. The device may use local intelligence, a connected PC or cloud intelligence to manage connected devices in the home. ...
... Gartner Glossary A technique used in local-area networks (LANs) in which the source of the frame specifies the route that the frame has to follow; the source furnishes a routing information field that designates the entire route to the destination. ...
... Gartner Glossary Application software used to provide for work and materials management of maintenance activities in a manufacturing organization. See EAM. ...
... A managed service provider (MSP) delivers services, such as network, application, infrastructure and security, via ongoing and regular support and active administration on customers’ premises, in their MSP’s data center (hosting), or in a third-party data center. MSPs may deliver their own native services ...
... Gartner Glossary A backup server is a software or hardware system that copies or “shadows” the contents of a server, providing redundancy. ...
... electromagnetic spectrum allotted for satellite transmission in the 1GHz to 2GHz frequency range. A number of MSS providers operate part of their satellite networks in the L-band. See also Ka-band, Ku-band and S-band. ...
... Gartner Glossary A collaborative, Internet-based network that facilitates intercompany relationships by linking an enterprise with its suppliers, customers or other external business partners. Extranets use Internet-derived applications and technology to provide secured extensions of internal business ...
... Gartner Glossary An overlay is an installation of a networking component that is noninvasive to the wired infrastructure. Overlays generally employ tunneling techniques that connect end-point functionality to a central controller offering a variety of data, management and control plane functions. ...
... Gartner Glossary Encompasses a centralized repository of network and IT data for individual services. Every service represents a bundle of attributes and features, such as quality, speed, customization and price. The repository of service levels, links the service information to individual customers ...
... authentication service is a mechanism, analogous to the use of passwords on time-sharing systems, for the secure authentication of the identity of network clients by servers and vice versa, without presuming the operating system integrity of either (e.g., Kerberos). ...
... electromagnetic spectrum allotted for satellite transmission in the 2GHz to 4GHz frequency range. A number of MSS providers operate part of their satellite networks using the S-band. See also Ka-band, Ku-band and L-band. ...
... The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical objects that contain embedded technology to communicate and sense or interact with their internal states or the external environment. View Webinar: Practical CIO Steps for IoT to Drive Your Composable Business Roadmap. ...
... among clinicians. It plans to make detailed clinical models freely available as unencumbered intellectual property. They could be used as components to define standard messages or structured documents, as components of clinical rules, and to automate or facilitate constructing data entry or reporting templates ...
... cryptographically based payment mechanism, medium of exchange and store of value. The bitcoin technology stack came into existence in January 2009, defined by an individual or group of individuals using the name Satoshi Nakamoto. ...
... Enterprise asset management (EAM) consists of asset register, work order management, inventory and procurement functions in an integrated business software package. ...
... Glossary DAPP vendors are those that provide healthcare value-added analytic applications to support analysis of administrative data for the purposes of network management, actuarial and underwriting functions, medical management and performance measurement — including Health Plan Employer Data and Information ...
... Gartner Glossary A representation of concepts and their relationships (e.g., hierarchy, taxonomy and network). A K-map is a navigational aid that enables a user to hone in rapidly on the desired concept, and then follow links to relevant knowledge sources (information or people). ...
... form of computing in which data and applications are distributed among disparate computers or systems, but are connected and integrated by means of network services and interoperability standards such that they function as a single environment. See DCE (distributed computing environment). ...
... Gartner Glossary Middleware that locates the correct and full network address for a mail addressee from a partial name or address. A directory service provides a naming service and extends the capabilities to include intelligent searching and location of resources in the directory structure. ...
... enables enterprise locations to transfer and forward voice messages between systems. It is a voice processing standard that specifies the procedures to network voice processing systems, regardless of who manufactures the system. ...
... Gartner Glossary A piece of software (also called a spider) designed to follow hyperlinks to their completion and to return to previously visited Internet addresses. ...
... Gartner Glossary A piece of software (also called a Web crawler) designed to follow hyperlinks to their completion, and return information on Internet addresses passed. ...
... Gartner Glossary A technology for high-speed network or Internet access over voice lines. There are various types, including asymmetric DSL (ADSL), high-bit-rate DSL (HDSL), symmetric DSL (SDSL) and very-high-bit-rate DSL (VDSL). The whole group is sometimes referred to as “xDSL.” ...
... Gartner Glossary A framework or structure that holds computer servers or networking equipment, usually by means of shelves or mounting plates. The height of computer equipment is expressed in rack units (U), which equal the distance between shelf increments in a standard rack (see rack unit). ...
... customer’s broadband connection using an IP link. Advantages include lower cost than microcellular technology, physically smaller units and greater network efficiency. See also picocell. ...
... be preprogrammed on to the SIM card, providing a customized menu/user interface on the phone. This helps users directly access services provided by network operators and service providers, such as banks and entertainment organizations. ...
... virtualization is an out-of-band approach to storage virtualization that capitalizes on processors behind Fibre Channel switch ports to eliminate most storage network block virtualization performance and scalability issues by splitting the control path (slow path) from the data path (fast path). ...
... legacy data, mobile, and SaaS) — work well together in the context of implementing end-to-end IoT business solutions. The IoT integration market is defined as the set of IoT integration capabilities that IoT project implementers need to successfully integrate end-to-end IoT business solutions. ...
... real-time access to operational and strategic data, coupled with collaboration and alerting technologies that enable other applications or users to define, agree on and monitor actions based on feedback. ...
... policies, processes and technologies employed by an enterprise to protect its cyber assets. Cybersecurity is optimized to levels that business leaders define, balancing the resources required with usability/manageability and the amount of risk offset. Subsets of cybersecurity include IT security, IoT security ...
... Gartner Glossary A minor revision to a software product that contains feature updates or bug fixes, but not enough new code to warrant a new version number. ...
... Gartner Glossary A domain name is a unique identifier for an Internet site or Internet Protocol (IP) network address, consisting of at least two segments separated by periods. Enterprises must register top-level domains with the Web Internet Registry and pay a yearly fee to maintain the registry. ...
... resources that masks the physical nature and boundaries of those resources from resource users. An IT resource can be a server, a client, storage, networks, applications or OSs. Essentially, any IT building block can potentially be abstracted from resource users. ...
... Gartner Glossary Voice mail describes a network system that enables unanswered phone calls to be diverted to a personal answering service. Revenue may be generated by making a connection charge to the service, a subscription charge for the service, or by charging the subscriber for messages deposited ...
... Gartner Glossary The CTO has overall responsibility for managing the physical and personnel technology infrastructure including technology deployment, network and system management, integration testing, and developing technical operations personnel. CTOs also manage client relations to ensure that service ...
... Gartner Glossary Deployment services support the implementation and rollout of new applications or infrastructure. Activities may include hardware or software procurement, configuration, tuning, staging, installation and interoperability testing. ...
... Gartner Glossary Fabric computing is a set of computing, storage, memory and I/O components joined through a fabric interconnect, and the software to configure and manage them. ...
... Gartner Glossary Foreign/global trade compliance (GTC) refers to a category of software that addresses the rules and regulations and trade-specific costs of conducting cross-border trade. ...
... Gartner Glossary A wide-area network (WAN) technology, asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) is a transfer mode for switching and transmission that efficiently and flexibly organizes information into cells; it is asynchronous in the sense that the recurrence of cells depends on the required or instantaneous ...
... that found in an average GSM network before higher data throughput speeds can be reached. EDGE also provides enhanced GRPS capabilities for data using 8-PSK, and when fully integrated with adaptive multirate (AMR), EDGE 2 also provides superior voice capacity to the GSM network. ...
... Gartner Glossary Price optimization and management (PO&M) software enables an organization to efficiently manage and optimize the price of its goods and services. More recently, these offerings have begun to support a wider range of sales intelligence advice — such as best-next-action recommendations ...
... are software solutions that enable automation, administration and training over the Internet. E-learning suites are integrated product collections that comprise learning management systems (LMSs), virtual classrooms, courseware and learning content management systems (LCMSs). An LMS is software that ...
... Gartner Glossary A data management platform is software that controls the flow of data in and out of an organization. It supports data-driven ad strategies, such as segmentation. ...
... These include unsecure system configurations or missing patches, as well as other security-related updates in the systems connected to the enterprise network directly, remotely or in the cloud. ...
... Gartner Glossary A Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) standard used to log onto a network, list directories and copy files. That is, it provides authentication of the user and lets users transfer files, list directories, delete and rename files on the foreign host, and perform ...
... Gartner Glossary Energy management systems (EMSs) make up the “central nervous system” of the power transmission network and are the critical governing component of the power grid’s operational reliability. EMSs perform state estimation, contingency analysis and other advanced applications. Operator ...
... Gartner Glossary Consumer telematics are end-user-targeted vehicle-centric information and communication technologies (vehicle ICTs) and services. Network-enabled cars for consumers provide in-vehicle services, such as emergency assistance, Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation, traffic information ...
... Gartner Glossary Facebook commerce (F-commerce) is the retail transaction capability offered within the Facebook social network platform. These transactional capabilities are facilitated via the utilization of Facebook APIs that allow retailers to present products, information and offers to consumers ...
... Gartner Glossary Wireless networks based on analog frequency division multiple access technologies. Many systems were individually tailored, country-specific solutions, including technologies such as AMPS, Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) and total access communications system (TACS). Although these were ...
... business process management. A BSP manages and operates standardized business processes on behalf of its customers, delivering its service across a network to multiple customers using a “pay as you go” payment model. ...
... different bearer technologies, such as GSM and WCDMA, or 1x and WCDMA. Most 3G phones are dual-mode and tri- or quad- band to enable users to roam onto 2G networks when they are outside the 3G coverage area. ...
... “What can we do to make _______ happen?”, and is characterized by techniques such as graph analysis, simulation, complex event processing, neural networks, recommendation engines, heuristics, and machine learning. ...
... devices — that is physically located on a customer’s property, as opposed to being housed in the telephone company’s central office or elsewhere in the network. ...
... Object-oriented technology (OOT) is a software design model in which objects contain both data and the instructions that work on the data. It is increasingly deployed in distributed computing. ...
... Gartner Glossary Software that organizes and manages random information for fast retrieval on a daily basis. It provides a combination of features, including telephone list with automatic dialing, calendar and scheduler. ...
... trucking-segment-targeted automotive information and communication technologies/services that use embedded technology or mobile and aftermarket devices. They support networks between commercial vehicles/fleets and IT applications, and focus on improving productivity, efficiency, profitability, reduced cost (such as lower ...
... Gartner Glossary A technique in which a message is broken into smaller units called packets, which may be individually addressed and routed through the network, possibly using several different routes. The receiving-end node ascertains that all packets are received and in the proper sequence before forwarding ...
... Gartner Glossary Agile marketing project management is a method that applies tools, processes and organizational design concepts, inspired by software development methodology, to make marketing programs more relevant, more adaptive and efficient. ...
... IT infrastructure is the system of hardware, software, facilities and service components that support the delivery of business systems and IT-enabled processes. Evaluate your I&O capabilities with Gartner's IT Score. ...
... insurance policies and scope of products. PASs consist of a range of capabilities, most commonly centered on policy, billing and claims. The commercial software packages on the market may not support all of these capabilities. Most European non-life PASs available today include basic technology functions such ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines a service-centric ERP suite as comprising: Financials, HCM and indirect procurement (administrative ERP) PSA — includes project planning and resourcing, project management, and project accounting and billing Specialized industry-specific modules or applications — for ...
... Gartner Glossary Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) is defined in 3GPP Release 10 and is intended to be the first fully compliant version of the ITU’s specification for 4G systems. The targeted peak rate for downlink is 1 Gbps and, for uplink, greater than 500 Mbps. This should be achieved with scalable ...
... Gartner Glossary Ted Codd, whose theoretical work on relational databases stimulated today’s plethora of relational products, defined a fundamental “Rule Zero” for classifying relational database management systems (RDBMSs). The intent of this rule was to help enterprises focus on the requirement for ...
... Gartner Glossary An ultrabook is a specific type of ultramobile notebook, defined by Intel. Ultrabooks are thin, lightweight and offer longer battery life by utilizing new low-power CPUs integrated with instant-on capability, all without compromising performance. Although Intel is likely to update its ...
... Gartner Glossary Product-centric organizations physically manufacture, sell and/or distribute products. Gartner defines a product-centric ERP suite as comprising: Administrative ERP: Financials, HCM and indirect procurement. Operational ERP: Demand planning (order management and material requirements ...
... Gartner Glossary A geographic information system (GIS) is a collection of computer hardware, software and geographic data for capturing, managing, analyzing and displaying every form of geographically referenced information, often called spatial data. ...
... Gartner Glossary Software used for finding units of textual information such as documents by matching a user’s search terms to those in a full-text index derived from the collection of textual units. ...
... required for a retail environment. It includes point-of-sale applications for recording sales transactions, usually a cash register and merchandising software. ...
... Gartner Glossary 100 Gbps PON is the name we have designated for generations of passive optical network (PON) technologies beyond XG-PON1 and XG-PON2 (10 Gps PON). There is no standardization as yet. The technology will deliver typical access bandwidths of up to 100 Gbps and may use elements of current ...
... Gartner Glossary A common access card (CAC) is a single corporate card or token that can be used for PC, network and application login (user authentication) and building access. A CAC also may be used as, for example, a photo ID card and a stored-value card (electronic wallet) for vending machines and ...
... release (when a terminal is disconnected if the time-out period elapses before keying resumes) or an access time out (when a terminal on a local-area network is prevented from transmitting for a specified time period). ...
... keep alive messages from a host rather than passing them on the remote client, thus saving call charges. Used mainly in Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN). 2. Of a packet, falsely claiming to be from an address different from that from which it actually originated. ...
... tools monitor, measure, manage and/or control data center utilization and energy consumption of all IT-related equipment (such as servers, storage and network switches) and facility infrastructure components (such as power distribution units [PDUs] and computer room air conditioners [CRACs]). You may also ...
... expressed in the base-2 number system. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... Gartner defines midsize enterprise (MSE) as those organizations that have between $50 million and $1 billion in annual revenues and/or 100 to 1000 employees. This is a vendor driven segmentation scheme and segmenting midsize enterprises by revenues or number of employees is arbitrary. Midsize enterprise ...
... Gartner Glossary Software technology used to create and store simple and complex navigational paths across computerized data. When the text is “clicked on,” it can enable a user to navigate within or between Web pages. ...
... basic or semiprofessional tools. CGM can include one-consumer-to-many applications such as photo sharing, publishing via blogs, podcasting, social network videoblogging and the like, as well as “auteurs” looking to get their content to an audience. ...
... articles, opinions or product reviews (known as posts), which can be delivered through stand-alone websites, email, feed syndications systems and social networks. Blogging platforms also enable direct reader participation with the host blogger or with other blog participants by enabling user comments. ...
... category of data, characterized by large size (including media formats such as audio and video), which can place extreme demands on storage systems and network bandwidth. ...
... Gartner Glossary Offered by a network or its resellers; a value-added service (VAS) generates additional revenue by offering increased benefits to subscribers. Total VAS revenue is calculated from the total of SMS, data-over-cellular and information-service revenue. All other VAS revenue is considered ...
... critical business-process applications. The term “integrated” describes the transformation of document management from an end-user application to a network-based service integrated with a full complement of end-user personal-productivity and custom-developed applications. ...
... internal communications and collaboration. These efforts seek to reduce the problems of email overload by switching communications to enterprise social network platforms which offer richer and more varied forms of collaboration (for example, activity streams, comments, ratings, recommendations wikis and blogs ...
... and complex interlock sequences. PLCs can be embedded in machines or process equipment by OEMs, used stand-alone in local control environments or networked in system configurations. ...
... Gartner Glossary DASH7 is a standard, promoted by the DASH7 Alliance that leverages the 433Mhz band unlicensed spectrum, supporting the networking of sensors up to 2 km apart and in-building positioning within 1 meter. The battery life for modules can be several years, with DASH7 supporting AES 128- ...
... Gartner Glossary A messaging protocol governing electronic-mail transmission in Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) networks. It is used to transfer e-mail between computers. It is a server-to-server protocol. SMTP supports only text and cannot handle attachments. It supports negative ...
... and video player, mobile phone and Internet browser capability in a handheld unit with a touchscreen interface. An iPhone designed for EDGE cellular networks was launched in North America in June 2007 and in Europe in late 2007. A 3G-capable version was launched in July 2008. ...
... businesses (SMBs). Typical feature sets fall into three main subsets, all within the UTM: firewall/intrusion prevention system (IPS)/virtual private network, secure Web gateway security (URL filtering, Web antivirus [AV]) and messaging security (anti-spam, mail AV). ...
... enterprises plan for recovery of the entire business process. This includes a plan for workspaces, telephones, workstations, servers, applications, network connections and any other resources required in the business process. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities ...
... Gartner Glossary A Digital Marketing Hub is software that spans multiple digital marketing domains (mobile, social and multichannel) to provide integrated access to applications and workflows, adding capabilities such as collaboration, data integration and common analytics. ...
... Product analytics is a specialized application of business intelligence (BI) and analytical software that consumes service reports, product returns, warranties, customer feedback and data from embedded sensors to help manufacturers evaluate product defects, identify opportunities for product improvements ...
... to execute a task. Position is detected mainly through satellite technologies, such as a GPS, or through mobile location technologies in cellular networks and mobile devices. Examples include fleet management applications with mapping, navigation and routing functionalities, government inspections and ...
... Gartner Glossary A constantly changing group of people collaborating and sharing their ideas over an electronic network (e.g., the Internet). Communities optimize their collective power by affiliation around a common interest, by the compression of the time between member interactions (i.e., communicating ...
... Gartner Glossary A standard increment used to express the height of a piece of rack-mounted computer or networking equipment, abbreviated as “U” and equal to 1.75 inches. For example, a server with a height of 4U takes up seven inches of vertical rack space. The most common dimensions for an industry-standard ...
... Gartner Glossary The hub where the needs of support groups, distributors, suppliers and customers are consolidated, and where network and system management (NSM) tools are integrated. The CSD has become the integration point for multiple management disciplines, the single point of contact for providing ...
... Gartner Glossary Communities of interest and communities of practice (CoP) exhibit more structure and more purpose than open social-networking sites. As with their precedents (bulletin boards or list servers), the people who participate in communities are linked by their interest in a topic. When CoP ...
... IMT-2000 CDMA Multicarrier (MC-CDMA) standard developed through the 3GPP2 standards organization of the ITU. It is an evolving family of cellular networking specifications that offers enhanced voice and data capacity over cdmaOne. The family includes 1xRTT, EV-DO, EV-DO Rev. A, EV-DO Rev. B and EV-DO ...
... calendars, email and text messages to pictures, videos, music, documents and other media. Service offerings include data backup and federation of social networking information into a single application. ...
... data, devices and services. Entitlement management can be delivered by different technologies, and is often different across platforms, applications, network components and devices. ...
... and business continuity planning (BCP). Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... automation for competitive differentiation. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... Gartner Glossary Open source describes software that comes with permission to use, copy and distribute, either as is or with modifications, and that may be offered either free or with a charge. The source code must be made available. ...
... govern the details of operation. Microcoded functions can improve performance but add a layer of complexity. For example, microcode errors appear to software as being hardware failures. ...
... workflow by integrating with cameras, encoders, recording systems, underlying storage infrastructure, client workstations, gateway systems and analytics software, mainly by providing a single interface for video surveillance infrastructure management. ...
... information system that was originally developed at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics in Geneva. It is a subset of the Internet, technically defined as the community on the Internet where all documents and resources are formatted using Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). HTML, and the related Hypertext ...
... Gartner Glossary Quality of storage service optimizes the use of disk storage system resources via user-defined policies and/or adaptive algorithms that manage performance and throughput, while minimizing back-end storage costs. Quality of storage service includes a variety of technologies, including ...
... objectives. An enterprise operating model describes how the enterprise configures its capabilities to execute its actions to deliver business outcomes as defined in the business model. Download Roadmap: How to Shift from Project to Product Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your ...
... Gartner Glossary Cloud application development (AD) services are tool offerings delivered as a service and used to create custom software applications deployed on an application platform as a service (aPaaS), a cloud-enabled application platform (CEAP) or infrastructure as a service. ...
... Gartner Glossary A modeling schema that describes managed system, hardware, and software objects. CIM is a component of the Web-Based Enterprise Management (WBEM) initiative, an emerging Web-oriented system management standard controlled by the Distributed Management Task Force (DMTF). ...
... Gartner Glossary Offshore programming refers to the contracting by a company for software services to be carried out in a country other than its own — e.g., a user located in North America may choose to have applications maintenance work carried out in India. ...
... Gartner Glossary The basic input/output system (BIOS) is the part of an operating system that links the specific hardware devices to the software. It obtains the buffers required to send information from a program to the hardware/desktop receiving the information. ...
... Gartner Glossary The amount of money paid, monthly or yearly, to a vendor to support a particular system or application. Because most hardware and software is easily upgradable, financial-footprint management involves managing a stream of recurring payments instead of physical assets. ...
... Gartner Glossary A free, public instant-message service and one of the earliest. A variety of free client software is available, supporting Windows and Macintosh PCs, Palm operating system (OS), Microsoft’s Pocket PC and Symbian handheld devices. See also instant messaging (IM). ...
... router, this device does not have an integrated DSL modem. It is distinguished by its ability to work with different types of broadband distribution network, such as cable or DSL, and, therefore, has a port allowing for a connection with the output of an external modem (either DSL or cable). ...
... assessment templates used for auditing and security hardening. These tools focus on requirements specific to servers or PCs, but some also address network components, applications, databases and virtual infrastructures. ...
... physical device so that the virtual machine (VM) of the PC desktop stored in a centralized server can be accessed from a remote client device through a network. There are various desktop virtualization technologies targeting different use cases, such as hosted virtual desktop (HVD), local VM, streaming desktop ...
... implementation of this function. It is a conceptually complex and labor-intensive process. Backup design must address multiple elements (e.g., hardware, network, file system and application) across heterogeneous platforms and geographically dispersed sites. Labor intensive, departmental processes are replaced ...
... social interactions, but that emerge and evolve as activity unfolds. Emergent structures may be processes, content categorization, organizational networks and hidden virtual teams. These structures are used to gain a better understanding of the true nature of things to more effectively organize, manage ...
... Gartner Glossary Generation scheduling tools analyze the electric power system network operations and the economic dispatch of each power plant to optimize overall energy delivery under given constraints, such as carbon dioxide emissions or transmission stability limits. Scheduling tools support different ...
... Interactions occur in workplace and external-facing communities. Social analytics include sentiment analysis, natural-language processing and social networking analysis (influencer identification, profiling and scoring), and advanced techniques such as text analysis, predictive modeling and recommendations ...
... radio spectrum to transmit signals through the atmosphere. It may carry analog or digital signals and can be used on LANs or WANs in one- or two-way networks. Specific wireless data communication applications and technologies transmit signals through distinct segments of the radio spectrum (between the ...
... A visitor location register (VLR) is a server in a cellular network that supports roaming functions for users outside the coverage area of their own HLR. The VLR uses Signaling System 7 to obtain information about the user from the HLR, and then establishes a temporary record on the VLR while the user ...
... intended to preserve, maintain or correct the operation of a computer system. Included are such routine but critical processes as hardware diagnostics, software distribution, backup and recovery, file and disk integrity checking, and virus scanning. ...
... of an operating system, a kernel is the part of the operating system that interconnects with the hardware. With Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) software intended for use in Unix environments, the kernel’s functional units are often included as a function library. ...
... Gartner Glossary Materials management information system (MMIS) is a software suite packaged as an integrated offering to meet materials management, human-resources and back-office needs. At a minimum, MMISs should be designed to interface readily with other mission-critical information systems in the ...
... Glossary A language used to describe the data model for a database, i.e., the names and access paths for the data and how they are interrelated. In some software products, the DDL describes the logical, not the physical, data. Other products use it to describe both. ...
... Gartner Glossary Often referred to as “lights-out operations,” automated system operations (ASO) is a combination of hardware and software that allows a computer installation to run unattended — that is, without the need for a human operator to be physically located at the site of the installation. ...
... Gartner Glossary Contact center infrastructure includes software and hardware designed to run a contact/call center. This includes automatic call distributors, integrated voice response units, computer-telephony integration, and universal communications or universal queue management, integrating any ...
... broadcasters, satellite operators, and telecom operators. The connection can be provided over various media — analog or digital telephone lines, cable network or satellite links — depending on local infrastructure. ...
... Gartner Glossary Programmable smart card in a mobile device that gives access to a network. It contains codes (such as the IMSI) to identify a subscriber to a digital mobile service and the details of the special services the subscriber has elected to use. A SIM card may be a removable plastic card ...
... customer load profiles. Accurate forecasts require adjustments for seasonality. Distribution load forecasting must be reconciled with distribution network configuration as part of the distribution circuit load measurements. ...
... Gartner Glossary Initially, convergent charging addressed the integration of mobile intelligent network (IN)-based and IT-based billing, rating and charging on a single platform to enable seamless movement between prepaid and postpaid. Recently, communications service providers (CSPs) have broadened ...
... primarily built into the vehicle, but vendors are beginning to offer aftermarket solutions. Next-generation ADASs will increasingly leverage wireless network connectivity to offer improved value (by using car-to-car data). ...
... Automated process discovery (extracting process models from an event log) Conformance checking (monitoring deviations by comparing model and log) Social network/organizational mining Automated construction of simulation models Model extension Model repair Case prediction History-based recommendations ...
... Although still in use, it has largely been replaced by IBM’s more efficient protocol, Synchronous Data Link Control (SDLC), which is under Systems Network Architecture (SNA). ...
... postal system — i.e., the recipient need not be available when the message is sent. Message queuing stores messages at an intermediate node on the network in a queue and then forwards the messages to the intended targets. ...
... Gartner Glossary The use of techniques such as data mining, data visualization, algorithm clustering, and neural networking to find patterns or trends in data. These patterns or trends are used to forecast future behavior based on current or past behavior. Uses of predictive behavior analysis include ...
... electronic devices. The key components of an M2M system are: Field-deployed wireless devices with embedded sensors or RFID-Wireless communication networks with complementary wireline access includes, but is not limited to cellular communication, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, WiMAX, wireless LAN (WLAN), generic DSL ...
... and advocate stories, then endorsements and recommendations are amplified to potentially millions of people, given the exponential nature of social networks. Advocacy marketing has been used effectively to acquire new customers but is now actively being used in loyalty and retention initiatives. ...
... be read. Performed externally by physically connecting storage media to a hardware bulk-wiping device, or internally by booting a PC from a CD or network, it is a nondestructive process that enables the medium to be safely reused without loss of storage capacity or leakage of data. ...
... ’s competitive strategy for production. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... desired behaviors among all stakeholders. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... that thing is a structure or a product. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... that meet the needs of many organizations. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines a third-party logistics (3PL) provider as a commercial firm that provides one or more logistics functions on behalf of its customers on an outsourced basis for a fee. To be a 3PL, the logistics service provider (LSP) must predominantly operate a business that moves, ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines selective sourcing when an internal IT organization decouples or carves up the scope of business or IT processes for purposes of individually or selectively sourcing each component separately and distinctly. The main business driver is to determine the best risk-reward ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines mobile payment as transactions conducted using a mobile phone and payment instruments that include: Banking instruments such as cash, bank account or debit/credit card, and Stored value accounts (SVAs) such as transport card, gift card, Paypal or mobile wallet and ...
... Operational resilience is defined as initiatives that expand business continuity management programs to focus on the impacts, connected risk appetite and tolerance levels for disruption of product or service delivery to internal and external stakeholders (such as employees, customers, citizens and partners ...
... Gartner Glossary Digital ad operations platforms are advertising operations and management software for publishers and other sellers of digital advertising that support sales, pricing, optimization, yield management, analytics and delivery of advertising traffic and assets across multiple digital channels ...
... Gartner Glossary Storage subsystems and SAN infrastructure component software products provide configuration utilities and agents that collect capacity, performance and status information, usually for a single device type or a set of devices from a single vendor. Most of the products in this segment ...
... Gartner Glossary Three-dimensional bioprinting is a medical application of 3D printers. It is a system directed by medical imaging data and software that specifies the design of living tissue and organs, plus the printing device to create a functioning human organ from an individual’s own or other cells ...
... Gartner Glossary Imitation of a specific terminal (VT100, for example) by a device, such as a PC, through software. PCs often use terminal emulation methods to connect to specific hosts, such as Digital Virtual Address Extensions (VAXs) or IBM mainframes, with which they would otherwise be incapable ...
... Gartner Glossary cPaaS offers application leaders a cloud-based, multilayered middleware on which they can develop, run and distribute communications software. The platform offers APIs and integrated development environments that simplify the integration of communications capabilities (for example, voice ...
... external services provider (ESP) is an enterprise that is a separate legal entity from the contracting company that provides services such as consulting, software development — including system integration and application service providers (ASPs) — and outsourcing. ESPs supplement the skills and resources of ...
... promoting customer satisfaction and loyalty. CRM technologies enable strategy, and identify and manage customer relationships, in person or virtually. CRM software provides functionality to companies in four segments: sales, marketing, customer service and digital commerce. ...
... Gartner Glossary Enterprise unified communications infrastructure encompasses server-based products and software that provide a central platform for communications for enterprises and other organizations. A key part of the UC proposition is the promise of a more consistent user experience across a wider ...
... people to quickly and effectively contribute to the development or evolution of an idea, artifact, process, plan, action, etc. In the context of social software, mass collaboration includes participation by people who otherwise may not have had a pre-existing relationship. ...
... sessions, regardless of media content. SIP enables a new generation of communication services across the Internet, as well as over fixed and mobile IP networks. SIP enables communications to be initiated and managed, and its key channels include voice, video and instant messaging (IM). ...
... subscribers using text messages. Suppliers can be paid in the same way, and a bank of phone minute credits can be maintained and sold to others in the network. Cloud computing introduces an additional concept by creating an environment for the dynamic management of compute capabilities that can be traded. ...
... ultimate purchase and take delivery from a variety of online and offline commerce routes, and the ability to share/receive experience across customer networks. ...
... Glossary The data replication segment includes a set of data replication products that reside in the disk array controller, in a device in the storage network or on a server. Included are local and remote replication products, migration tools, and disk imaging products. Also included are replication products ...
... Gartner Glossary Number of individual (mobile) network connections at the end of a given period. In this regard, multiple SIM cards bearing one number would count as one connection, while two numbers associated with one SIM card would count as two connections. Prepaid SIM cards would count as one connection ...
... Gartner Glossary Enhancements that provide packet data capabilities over 2G networks. 2.5G improves the available data rates supported by the air interface, thereby permitting the introduction of new, data-oriented services and applications. The increased data rates rise to a theoretical maximum of ...
... Gartner Glossary Ethernet services deliver network connectivity over short- and long-haul circuits, and termination on fiber and copper local infrastructures. The Metro Ethernet Forum specifies three types of connections: E-Line, which is based on a point-to-point connection (more suited to WAN); E- ...
... and optimize decisions and performance. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... video conferencing and audio conferencing. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... Gartner Glossary Content management systems comprise a set of templates, procedures and standard format software that enables marketers and their proxies (e.g., webmasters) to produce and manage text, graphics, pictures, audio and video for use in Web landing pages, blogs, document repositories, campaigns ...
... servers (with a runtime framework or middleware component) and a development framework (e.g., with integrated testing, project and process management, software configuration management, component design and assembly). ...
... operation and maintenance of such applications. A 2014 study stated that “Improved efficiency/accuracy” was the top reason buyers were seeking new HR software. ...
... Gartner Glossary Processor emulation is a virtualization technology that allows software compiled for one processor/operating system to run on a system with a different processor/operating system, without any source code or binary changes. This is done by dynamically translating processor instructions ...
... Gartner Glossary Work management is a set of software products and services that apply workflow structure to the movement of information as well as to the interaction of business processes and human worker processes that generate the information. Work management streamlines and transforms crucial business ...
... mobile marketing and device pairing. It has an operating range of 10 cm or less using the 13.56MHz frequency band. There are currently three user modes defined for NFC operation: 1) Card emulation, 2) Tag reading, and 3) Peer-to-peer (P2P). These modes are based on several ISO/IEC standards, including ISO14443 ...
... an optimal level of on-time and complete fulfillment of their orders, whether being collected in-store or shipped to them from the store. Gartner defines the scope of in-store logistics processes as consisting of seven key functional capabilities which are product receipt, product put-away, inventory ...
... Smartphones include mobile phones that primarily run on the Android and iOS operating systems but also include any open operating system that has a software development kit available to developers that can use native APIs to write applications. The quality and quantity of smartphone applications are major ...
... Gartner Glossary Business continuity management planning (BCMP) software tools are the key tools used to manage business continuity management (BCM) programs. They provide risk assessment, business impact analysis, business process, vendor and IT dependency mapping, and plan management functionality ...
... Gartner Glossary Event-driven architecture (EDA) is a design paradigm in which a software component executes in response to receiving one or more event notifications. EDA is more loosely coupled than the client/server paradigm because the component that sends the notification doesn’t know the identity ...
... object — such as a file, email, packet, application or data store — while at rest (in storage), in use (during an operation) or in transit (across a network). DLP tools are also have the ability to dynamically apply a policy — such as log, report, classify, relocate, tag and encrypt — and/or apply enterprise ...
... Gartner Glossary The term “data center bridging” (DCB) refers to a collection of proposed standards designed to transform Ethernet into a lossless network with efficient Layer 2 multipath forwarding. DCB (formerly called converged enhanced Ethernet [CEE]) depends on a handful of standards that are being ...
... near-wireline-call-transmission quality, low-power and lightweight mobile devices, enhanced call completion, call billing and call management services. PCS networks operate at 1,800MHz in the U.K. and at 1900MHz in North America. ...
... Gartner Glossary Previously owned or used mobile devices that are sold or given free to other users who typically obtain a new network connection. Secondhand devices sometimes are refurbished systematically before resale in other countries or passed on to other users in their original condition. Although ...
... for the first time during the year in question. Products distributed by manufacturers into a country or region (“sell in”) — but not connected to networks in that region — are excluded. Conversely, products sold by a manufacturer to a distributor in one region but sold by that distributor in another ...
... or wireless WAN digital cellular connections. The wireless connection is typically used to send photos to a PC, an online photo service or social networking site, or as an attachment to an email. The advantage is that you can send photos or videos as soon as they are taken instead of waiting until they ...
... An intranet is a network internal to an enterprise that uses the same methodology and techniques as the internet but is accessible only to employees. Common intranet services include websites supporting corporate communications, internal collaboration and knowledge management, centralized access to various ...
... Team (CERT) is a group formed in 1998 by the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency — and coordinated through Carnegie Mellon University’s Software Engineering Institute (SEI) — to research and report on Internet-related security problems. SEI’s CERT Coordination Center publishes security information ...
... as distinct from a private or managed IP telecommunications infrastructure). When used to enable Internet telephony from a PC, it requires client software on the PC such as Skype, plus a broadband connection with minimal latency. See also IP telephony and VoIP. ...
... Gartner Glossary Enterprise architecture (EA) tools are software applications targeted primarily at supporting participants and stakeholders of the EA discipline in their strategically driven planning through to execution. Support for strategic decision making is provided through capturing vital enterprise ...
... codes (QR codes) and color codes are high-density, two-dimensional bar codes that are readable by mobile phones and computer cameras with the correct software. Color codes enable the same physical space to encode more information by incorporating color in any pattern or shape, such as a logo, that attracts ...
... chassis. Typically several blade cards are housed in a cabinet or a stand-alone chassis, which houses a common power supply, cooling element, and network switches and connections. ...
... enable security and management capabilities that span multiple VMs without requiring the installation of an agent on each, without requiring virtual network reconfiguration and with potentially better performance than agents running in a separate VM. Introspection also provides separation of the security ...
... devices. Examples from the mainframe world include Virtual Storage Access Method (VSAM) and Indexed Sequential Access Method (ISAM). In local-area networks, the technique or program code used to arbitrate the use of the communications medium by granting access selectively to individual stations. Examples ...
... participant’s desktop. It is easier to create a new branch or variation, rapidly reflecting an individual’s change actions, but this approach shifts network overhead and difference/merge overhead to a synchronized workflow stage. This separation enables different rules to be applied to the ways individuals ...
... easily integrates with office and enterprise applications; is management-friendly, with consistent architecture and user interface; works well on the network; and is based largely on open industry standards. SMFPs can perform usage tracking and other functions that help organizations actively manage their ...
... job to be sent to a pull-printing server, which delivers the print job to the printer. This frees up the user’s computer for other tasks and reduces network traffic. Word-processing documents and even Web pages (referred to as Web pull printing) can be pull-printed without having the file opened on the ...
... more interactive. Examples include animated graphics, games, configurable bar charts and scrolling messages. Applets also play an important role in network computers (NCs). They increase an NC’s independence from the server because they do not have to communicate with the operating system (resident on ...
... Gartner Glossary An activity stream is a publish-and-subscribe notification mechanism and conversation space typically found in social networking. It lists activities or events relevant to a person, group, topic or everything in the environment. A participant subscribes to, or “follows” entities (e. ...
... Gartner Glossary 3G wireless networks support peak data rates of 144 Kbps at mobile user speeds, 384 Kbps at pedestrian user speeds and 2 Mbps in fixed locations (peak speeds), although some initial deployments were configured to support only 64 Kbps. The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) ...
... plane and resources to host workloads. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... Gartner Glossary Bluetooth is a low-power wireless networking technology operating in the 2.4 GHz unlicensed Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band. There are two classes of Bluetooth device — Class 1 devices have higher output power and a range of about 100 meters, and Class 2 devices have lower ...
... Gartner Glossary Immersive learning environments (ILEs) are learning situations that are constructed using a variety of techniques and software tools, including game-based learning, simulation-based learning and virtual 3D worlds. ILEs are distinguished from other learning methods by their ability to ...
... Gartner Glossary DAM stores, manages and renders rich media, including text, graphics, photos, video and audio. DAM can be sold as a software license or hosted service. Typically, DAM systems are intended to support a wide range of actors — from specialized creative to generalist production to more ...
... Systems Interconnection (OSI) management protocol. The resource itself need not be an OSI resource. A managed object may be a piece of equipment, a software component, an abstract collection of information or a combination of all three. ...
... code as the increasing use of intermediate language representations (such as Java and .NET) enables hackers to easily reverse-engineer IP embedded in software. ...
... Gartner Glossary A warehouse management system (WMS) is a software application that helps manage and intelligently execute the operations of a warehouse, distribution or fulfillment center. WMS applications offer capabilities such as receiving, put-away, stock locating, inventory management, cycle counting ...
... resources (and thus energy use) to accomplish different objectives for power savings or service levels. This requires that the designer of the adaptive software think of multiple ways to accomplish the function, code each method and provide a mechanism to switch between them, based on a desired policy. ...
... Gartner Glossary A framework of seven types of activity that do not add value; originally defined by Toyota: overproducing — producing product before there’s a valid order; unnecessary waiting — lengthened cycle time, which reduces agility; unnecessary transportation — unnecessary transportation of ...
... Gartner Glossary A framework of seven types of activity that do not add value; originally defined by Toyota: overproducing — producing product before there’s a valid order; unnecessary waiting — lengthened cycle time, which reduces agility; unnecessary transportation — unnecessary transportation of ...
... or purchased by the internal staff to perform the repair, are included. The segments covered in the hardware maintenance and support services are defined in the following sections. This segmentation maps to Gartner’s high-level segmentation for computing and telecom hardware products. ...
... Gartner Glossary ZigBee is a global wireless mesh networking technology based on the IEEE 802.15.4-2003 standard. Consumer applications include electronics, smart meter infrastructure, home automation and machine-to-machine automation. The technology can be used in several topologies, such as point- ...
... products, services and related information from sources of supply to customers or points of demand. It stretches across multiple tiers in the supplier network to customers and to customers of those customers. It includes supply chain planning, sourcing and procurement, manufacturing, distribution, transportation ...
... service (IaaS) is a standardized, highly automated offering in which computing resources owned by a service provider, complemented by storage and networking capabilities, are offered to customers on demand. Resources are scalable and elastic in near real time and metered by use. Self-service interfaces ...
... client and decrease load on the server. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... operations and meet service-level agreements. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
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... standard text. Multimedia files are typically larger than text-based information and are therefore usually stored on CD-ROMs. Games and educational software commonly use multimedia. ...
... Gartner Glossary Formula/recipe management includes software for formula or recipe calculation (for example, food products and chemicals) and validation for process manufacturers. Functions include the ability to optimize formulas, create and manage the workflows to make changes to formulations and ...
... routing services. They mostly communicate program to program; they integrate previously independent applications at the application-logic level of the software design. An assembly of electronic circuits contained on a single piece of semiconductor material. ...
... On-device monitoring applications collect data on a customer’s use of his or her device (mobile, IPTV, tablet, PC or broadband hub) using client software installed on the device. These applications can be used for fault detection and resolution on an individual or aggregate basis; can inform customer ...
... two or more components of an application, or between two or more applications. AMQP specifies the wire protocol, so messages can be exchanged among software components supplied by different vendors without the need for gateways or adapters. ...
... Enterprises often purchase software from different vendors to obtain the best-of-breed offering for each application area. For example, enterprises may purchase a human-resource package from one vendor and an accounting package from another. Although enterprise resource planning (ERP) vendors offer numerous ...
... gesture controls to “throw” a video from a mobile device to a larger monitor. As the complexity of ensemble interactions grows with the number of smart networked equipment, support for multitasking and collaborative activity will ensue. ...
... by the user for frequent access, as well as group-based chat services. Enterprise IM provides real-time message passing within private and public networks. ...
... device has a screen with a diagonal dimension that is a minimum of five inches. Media tablets feature connectivity via Wi-Fi or via 3G/4G cellular networks. Tablets typically offer day-long battery life, and lengthy standby times with instant-on access from a suspended state. Examples of media tablets ...
... communication services (PACS). For commercial or regulatory reasons, mobile WLLs are not operated as full mobility cellular services, even though the networks may be technically capable of supporting such services. Personal Access System (PAS) is a trademark of UTStarcom for its portfolio of mobile WLL products ...
... revenue. For clarification, IP-based voice “virtual” connections (VoIP) are those calls delivered over a broadband Internet connection or other IP network. A VoIP virtual line needs to be associated with a telephone number and be identifiable to the consumer as a VoIP-grade service. A VoIP line and PSTN ...
... Combined with on-site energy storage, DG is a disruptive technology transforming centrally managed radial delivery infrastructure into a geodesic network, providing higher resilience of the power system and enabling consumer integration into energy markets. Traditionally more associated with high-availability ...
... all or part of the day-to-day system management responsibility for a customer’s IT infrastructure (host/data center, client/desktop or connectivity/network) and, in some cases, the transfer of ownership of the technology or personnel assets to an outside vendor. Services may include systems operation or ...
... delivery of broadband data services or fast Internet access to business and residential subscribers. In addition, these systems enable cost-effective network access in remote rural areas. Sub-11GHz proprietary BWA systems provide more than 1 Mbps per subscriber. ...
... Gartner Glossary Internet radio streams music that is stored on a server to an Internet-connected vehicle by using embedded wireless networking technologies (such as a connected “infotainment” head unit) or via a wireless consumer device that is connected to the vehicle (such as a user’s smartphone) ...
... The second generation of wireless networks designed to improve on analog with digital circuit-switched solutions. The three main 2G technology standards are Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), which is based on European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) standards, time division ...
... More-advanced offerings may also integrate with external enterprise management systems, include service catalogs, support the configuration of storage and network resources, allow for enhanced resource management via service governors and provide advanced monitoring for improved “guest” performance and availability ...
... the process is monitored and approved. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... outweigh the potential cost-saving benefits. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... demand planning and financial budgeting. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... viewed by passengers (such as side windows). Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... aperture terminal (VSAT) is a small-sized earth station used in the transmit/receive of data, voice and video signals over a satellite communication network, excluding broadcast television. A VSAT consists of two parts: a transceiver placed outdoors in direct line of sight to the satellite, and a device ...
... refers to a dedicated unit (including people, processes and technologies) that is structured as a centralized point of service and is focused on defined business functions. These functions are supported by IT and IT services for multiple business units within the enterprise. Shared services may come ...
... are protected through regulatory methods such as patents, copyrights and regulatory licenses; however, this protection is being expanded to include software and business processes when these can be demonstrated to be original, novel and non-obvious. Customer intelligence and business intelligence may be ...
... Gartner Glossary A product configurator is stand-alone software that supports insurance product development activities, including pricing, product modeling and testing. Central components are a workbench, a calculation engine and a graphical user interface. While many policy management solutions have ...
... sales, marketing and service) with functionally integrated processes (e.g., customer relationship management). The growth in the demand for enterprise software reflects the need for increased integration and sharing of business information throughout an enterprise. ...
... An advanced distribution management system (ADMS) is the software platform that supports the full suite of distribution management and optimization. An ADMS includes functions that automate outage restoration and optimize the performance of the distribution grid. ADMS functions being developed for electric ...
... multitenant application or multiple applications competing for shared underlying resources. Multitenancy may also be nested when tenants are independent software vendors (ISVs) with their own subtenants. Multitenancy is elastic when resources are redistributed among tenants on-demand. ...
... execute them; the processes that leverage them; and the context required to deliver value. CCAs typically include design templates and executable software components, both of which are configured, extended with additional functionality and integrated with existing applications and databases. CCAs require ...
... Gartner Glossary Application release automation (ARA) tools focus on the modeling and deployment of custom application software releases and their associated configurations, often for Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java EE) and .NET applications. These tools offer versioning to enable best practices ...
... the point at which a job applicant has accepted an offer of employment to the point at which the new employee is productive at work. The onboarding software includes administrative activities (enrolling in benefits), provisioning activities (assigning office space, user identification and employer property ...
... Gartner Glossary Configure, price and quote (CPQ) application suites provide an integrated set of software applications supporting the configuration, pricing and quote generation activities that accompany solution and negotiated selling. CPQ application suites are also deployed to support self-service ...
... subject, and managed by a particular person or organization. Its opening page is called a home page. A website resides on servers connected to the web network and is able to format and send information requested by worldwide users 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Websites typically use HTML to format and ...
... includes the total of all external controller-based RAID-based disk storage, host-based external RAID storage, host-based internal RAID storage and network-attached storage. RAID refers to a set of disk drives (at least two) with input/output activity that is managed by external-based or host-based RAID ...
... Gartner Glossary A company that provides Internet access to its customers. The majority of ISPs are too small to purchase access directly from the network access point (NAP), and instead buy pieces of bandwidth that are available from larger ISPs. Access to the Internet can be provided either via modem ...
... Typical characteristics include multitenancy (including tenant partitions residing on shared UC infrastructure, such as data centers, racks, compute, network, common equipment and blades) and self-service web portals for provisioning, management and performance/usage reporting. The provider delivers applications ...
... to build key system operating metrics. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... current, as opposed to historical, data. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... quality, efficiency, cost and agility. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... visitor to “click through” to another site. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... evolve team-building activities accordingly. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... administration system can enable a life insurer to fundamentally shift its ability to compete in an evolving digital insurance landscape. Gartner defines a life insurance policy administration system (PAS) as a system that provides full end-to-end life cycle management of group and individual life and ...
... Gartner Glossary Benchmarking is defined as the comparison between vendor performance and designated benchmark organizations or indexes. An index is a publicly available indicator for a factor that is associated with a pricing element. Internal benchmarking is the continuous process of measuring a ...
... externally-facing Web applications, they are now used to deliver services for many types of business applications and protocols. Recent developments in software-based and virtual ADC platforms provide more deployment flexibility, especially in cloud services and virtual environments. ...
... IT acquisition and delivery are wrapped in well-honed internal processes whereby the IT organization develops or acquires technology (hardware or software), deploys it, supports it and retires it. Alternative delivery and acquisition models include new channels for acquisition, use and payment. In some ...
... Product cost management is a technology that predicts and captures estimates of the costs of products, systems or solutions over their life cycles. Software functionality predicts costs and enables users to capture estimated costs and track actual costs versus predicted costs. It includes analytical tools ...
... biometric characteristic). Authentication may be natively supported in products or services (including other security tools), or provided by discrete software, hardware or cloud-based services. ...
... of endpoint devices, such as notebook PCs, smartphones and tablets, using capture devices (sensors) and biometric feature extraction and comparison software built into the device itself. Because such a mobile device is essentially personal to one user, the mode is typically a one-to-one comparison of a ...
... Web gateway solutions protect Web-surfing PCs from infection and enforce company policies. A secure Web gateway is a solution that filters unwanted software/malware from user-initiated Web/Internet traffic and enforces corporate and regulatory policy compliance. These gateways must, at a minimum, include ...
... The CRM customer engagement center (CEC) market includes software applications used to provide customer service and support by engaging intelligently — both proactively and reactively — with customers by answering questions, solving problems and giving advice. The orchestration of intelligent customer ...
... Gartner Glossary Automated testing applies to commercially or internally developed software or services to assist in the testing process, including functional and load/stress testing. Automated tests provide consistent results and data points. The benefits are ease of maintenance, the ability to efficiently ...
... authentication product or service supporting user authentication in multiplatform environments (on-premises and in the cloud). It may be delivered as server software, a virtual or hardware appliance, or a cloud-based service. In addition to the VAS vendor’s own and OEMed proprietary methods, if any, a VAS must ...
... Gartner Glossary Physical resource and infrastructure management tools are software products that monitor, model and help manage the physical dimensions of data center infrastructures, such as the IT hardware, cables, power distribution units, generators, and space. They are used to design new data ...
... Gartner Glossary Portable storage device control tools are software-based tools that prevent unwanted data leakage through peripheral storage devices. They are designed to support more-secure use of portable storage devices (such as USB flash drives, portable media players, mobile phones and flash cards ...
... Gartner Glossary Affective computing technologies sense the emotional state of a user (via sensors, microphone, cameras and/or software logic) and respond by performing specific, predefined product/service features, such as changing a quiz or recommending a set of videos to fit the mood of the learner ...
... decoupling buffer stocks to manage customer lead times while reducing the impact of normal variability and improving overall flow. DDMRP-compliant software is certified by the Demand Driven Institute. ...
... content, functions and experiences. The term denotes services and APIs that use information about the user to optionally and implicitly fine-tune the software action with better situational awareness. Such services can proactively push content to the user at the moment of need, or suggest products and services ...
... files for upload into an accounts payable system. Procure-to-pay solutions use a scan-and-capture service, supplier portal and/or a multienterprise network to enable suppliers to submit invoices electronically. In addition to core e-procurement functionality (including e-requisitioning, approval workflow ...
... analyze the market for DDoS mitigation equipment. The DDoS mitigation providers can be grouped into four categories: scrubbing centers; content delivery networks (CDNs); CSPs and hosting providers; and infrastructure as a service (IaaS). ...
... of devices including PCs, handheld equipment and consumer electronics. Potential applications include media streaming, PC docking, general-purpose networking and file transfer. ...
... increasingly, there are also differences, including the size of the screen, the power of the device (both processor and memory footprint), the speed of the network and the resources on the device. The browser for a mobile device has been considered a lower-functioning device than the browsers found on the desktop ...
... FTTH includes fiber-optic access solutions designed for residential deployments. In FTTH networks, fibers are directly connected to individual homes or multitenant buildings. FTTH includes various flavors of both PONs and PTP Ethernet-based solutions. Fiber-to-the-node (FTTN) solutions where fibers are ...
... the MCP certification vary based on role. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... understanding that unlocks the value of data. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... communications with key crisis stakeholders. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... digital factory” or “intelligent factory.” Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... stakeholders to drive market disruption. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... filtering effects created by soft tissues and joints, create distinct acoustic locations of signals, which are sensed, processed and classified by software. Interactive capabilities can be linked to different locations on the body. ...
... or both on an item-by-item basis as data flows through the proxy. The obfuscated (encrypted or tokenized) data can then be stored in a cloud-based software-as-a-service (SaaS) application, such as salesforce.com. Cloud encryption gateways typically provide a choice of various encryption and tokenization ...
... Extended Binary-Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC). Since most computer systems use a full byte to send an ASCII character, many hardware and software companies have made their own nonstandard and mutually incompatible extensions of the official ASCII 128-character set into a 256-character set. ...
... applications are compiled into Intermediate Language (IL), which is further compiled into the target machine language by the Common Language Runtime (CLR) software. See CLS, CTS, .NET and IL. ...
... conversion, marketing effectiveness and customer satisfaction, thereby improving business results. Personalization engines are sold as stand-alone software or can be embedded in web content management, content marketing, multichannel marketing hubs and digital commerce platforms. This market focuses only ...
... for the object-oriented programming model, including the activation and communications services that are particularly geared to the object-oriented software model. ORB vendors added transaction management, security and other features to their ORBs to enable demanding production applications. OMG CORBA ...
... Gartner Glossary Commerce (B2B and B2C) software servers and tools are used to build systems that sell, service, market and buy products to customers and businesses through the Web and channel partners. These servers build systems for enterprises to automate their Web sales process and customer experience ...
... total for the functional complexity of the system. Function point analysis, originally developed at IBM, has as an advantage its focus on measuring software produced in terms of functionality delivered to the end user, rather than in terms of development deliverables, which have no direct bearing on the ...
... Glossary Aerial and digital imagery is the use of digital images, including those in 3D, by home/property insurers to view properties, as well as the software that analyzes the images to estimate size, proximity to risks, and location for physical locations or properties. It is usually offered via an Internet ...
... Gartner Glossary Direct sales software builds on the attributes of technology, functionality and value of order management systems and also includes the functionality for sales execution and sales operations. The direct B2B sales organization is the traditional sales channel, composed of internal sales ...
... IT-enabled business process, application service and infrastructure solutions for business outcomes.Outsourcing, which also includes utility services, software as a service and cloud-enabled outsourcing, helps clients to develop the right sourcing strategies and vision, select the right IT service providers ...
... Media Access Control (MAC) address, and the traditional subnet. The goal of VLANs is to provide simpler administration, simple moves/adds/changes to network devices, and partitioning at the MAC layer. ...
... suppliers, products, assets, site, and prices. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... IT/OT investments to business strategy. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... problems with vast combinatorial complexity Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... statistical and mathematical techniques. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Top 5 Priorities for HR Leaders in 2021 Gartner surveyed more than 800 human resources ...
... can be used with multiple participants. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... arrangements can be temporary or permanent, part-time or full-time, occasional or frequent. Remote work requires policies governing equipment use, network security and performance expectations. Create a high-performing workforce in an ever-changing environment and discover the Future of Work. ...
... service providers and routing companies. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... in a program-related shopping feature. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... consumers, it can complement a service-oriented architecture (SOA). Like an SOA, a broker is a design abstraction that may be implemented using component software for some or all of the connections. The interface from a message broker to the application may use an object request broker (ORB) or object transaction ...
... derived from a semantic data model, which provides independence between programs and data structures. The emphasis has since shifted to computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tools and “repository” standards. ...
... systems — FS/D has become an essential element of complete CSS suites and is an important element of customer relationship management (CRM). FS/D software is evolving from solely back-office functionality to an enterprise system that tightly couples the back office with the front-office servicing systems ...
... mobile devices. We also do not distinguish data types any longer because most RDBMSs available today allow multiple data types, including objects, user-defined data types, BLOBs and native XML structures. ...
... as data at rest. The protection of data at rest in some ways takes precedence, because the interconnectedness of today’s systems often undermines network protections. In other words, high-value information should be protected “at rest” to prevent the risk of a breach caused by an unexpected data in motion ...
... Gartner Glossary A broadband line is a connection between a consumer’s home and a carrier’s network that provides data access services of at least 256 Kbps. In most cases this is a physical connection using copper-based DSL, cable modem or FTTH/FTTP with Ethernet in the last mile in a building. However ...
... their IP addresses between the client and the server, these “dirty” IP address are not valid when one or both of the end systems exist on an RFC 1918 network. In addition, without using special techniques, applications like File Transfer Protocol (FTP) will not work when an enterprise uses private RFC 1918 ...
... office of the chief data officer (CDO)." Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... Production/factory planning and scheduling Distribution planning (unconstrained, distribution requirements planning [DRP] and deployment) Strategic network design Inventory strategy optimization (simultaneous, multitiered) Supply planning (optimized, DRP and deployment) Production/multiplant capacity ...
... limited to the IT organization. It includes estimates by enterprises on decentralized IT spending and/or shadow IT. The IT budget covers hardware, software, personnel, outsourcing, disaster recovery and occupancy costs associated with supporting IT within the enterprise. Costs also include all taxes ( ...
... executing transactions. RPA uses a combination of user interface interaction and descriptor technologies. The scripts can overlay on one or more software applications. Discover how to drive greater efficiency, compliance and productivity with finance RPA using our expert insights. ...
... Gartner Glossary An application server is a modern form of platform middleware. It is system software that resides between the operating system (OS) on one side, the external resources (such as a database management system [DBMS], communications and Internet services) on another side and the users’ ...
... designed to enhance the media playback experience, including direct-to-device content downloads, music ID capabilities, music discovery features, social networking features, and streaming Internet radio functions. In addition, more of these products are being based on mobile operating systems, including Apple ...
... they are able to process data on their own. • Dumb terminals — display monitor or simple input/output (I/O) devices that send and accept data from a network server or mainframe. They have no built-in processing capabilities. Workers enter data and commands, which are sent to a computer located elsewhere ...
... multichannel pay-TV channels in the previous 24 or 48 hours on demand. This video content is held in a constantly updated library hosted by their network. VOD services are sold either on a pay-per-view basis or as monthly subscriptions. Bundling in flat-rate packages with multichannel subscriptions is ...
... supply chain management (SCM) that analyzes customer and demand data to better predict demand across multiple time horizons in a demand-driven value network (DDVN). For example, in the strategic time horizon (12 months to three years), companies can analyze macro changes in customer demand, macroeconomic ...
... most user-provisioning implementations. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... neutral to all community stakeholders. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... Gartner Glossary Software that supports interpersonal processes and the objects with which people commonly work. Groupware was originally coined to describe a new class of applications designed to provide electronic support for groups of individuals working together toward a common goal. The term has ...
... Gartner Glossary “Meeting solutions are real-time collaboration applications and associated endpoints that support interactions over a network between participants for team work, presentations, training and webinars. Some vendors segment their product lines to target and scale to one or several of those ...
... 5)-1] Learn More About Efficient Growth Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve your ...
... smartphones and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Vendor offerings in the market for CBT on security awareness include ready-to-use, interactive software modules. These modules are available as internet-based services or on-premise deployments through client-managed learning management systems (LMSs ...
... as well as new business opportunities and revenue models, such as subscribed-to services (versus owned assets). An IoT platform is an on-premises software suite or a cloud service (IoT platform as a service [PaaS]) that monitors and may manage and control various types of endpoints, often via applications ...
... mobile telematics,” in which smartphones connect to the car’s computer system to pull data and send this to the insurer using the phone’s wireless network. ...
... normal calling patterns for the enterprise. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... requests to help manage business projects. Experience Gartner conferences Master your role, transform your business and tap into an unsurpassed peer network through our world-leading virtual and in-person conferences. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve ...
... management (PPM) is the continuous cultivation of a product set and the set of capabilities to prioritize and manage product development programs. Software that supports portfolio management assists in analyzing and reporting risks versus opportunities, and it makes these analyses and opinions visible ...
... In digital business, product management is the process of conceiving, defining, delivering, monitoring and refining products in, and withdrawing products from, a market in order to maximize business results. Product management tasks range from researching markets, customers and competitors, to analyzing ...
... contract/relationship involving the purchase of ongoing application service for managing, enhancing and maintaining custom or packaged application software in the server/host or desktop platforms. Enterprise application outsourcing does not include applications services sold as discrete, project-based ...
... infrastructure costs and manual workloads in postmodern ERP projects, SAP application leaders and SAP Basis operations leaders should evaluate specialized software tools for automating the regular refresh of their SAP ERP test data. SAP selective test data management tools perform selective copying of SAP test ...
... Financial Management (FM) and Human Capital Management. At this point, Workday has risen to become a leading vendor in this particular sector of the software market. Workday initially released its Financial Management offering in 2008, and often sells it together with HCM. However, market adoption of Workday ...
... Shared Services Framework, as well as Oracle’s PeopleSoft HR HelpDesk. A small number of specialist vendors, such as Enwisen (now Lawson) and Neocase Software, focus on HR shared services, and successfully compete with the ERP-based offerings. ...
... Vendors are scrambling to compete by leveraging their existing market positions as well as experimenting with new approaches such as open source and software as a service (SaaS). ...
... Gartner Glossary Redaction tools are software that is used to edit content and, thereby, selectively and reliably remove information from documents or websites before sharing the remaining content with someone who is not authorized to see the entire original document. The process of “redacting” documents ...
... Gartner Glossary This is a channel through which hardware, software and peripherals are sold by the manufacturer directly to the end user: • Direct sales force — This is a channel through which products move directly from the manufacturer or vendor to the end user, usually by a professionally trained ...
... or more information technology (IT) functions. Unlike outsourcing, it refers to the vendor operating and managing the assets (usually hardware and software), but not taking ownership. In a government-owned, contractor-operated deal, the government owns the equipment and operating systems, and the contractor ...
... report and help with diagnosis of problems (faults) identified in the environment. This segment also includes IT operations and administration “policy” software, which creates and manages lists of users (in cooperation with security and human resource management system products) and lists of the environment ...
... specifications for use by workflow orchestration technologies in the runtime environment. AMD development assumes that new organizations need to develop software services prior to composition. AMD development tools can reuse the same business models developed by those doing AMD composition. But, generally, ...
... cars, landmarks, wine labels, and book and album covers can be identified by consumer smartphones, using a mobile app that accesses image recognition software in the cloud. Image recognition has the potential to transform a picture into a hyperlink to something on the Internet (for example, information, ...
... revenue and a basis for competitive differentiation of their core technologies. Management technology can also be sourced from third-party independent software vendors, as well as emerging firms with only a virtualization-oriented lineage. In addition, hypervisor vendors are providing additional management ...
... abstracted) rules or specifications to promote understanding, validate this information using standard methodologies and best practices enabled by the software, and ideally, automate the models into deployable applications that leverage their analytical efforts and comply with the business process rules. ...
... enterprise. Successful project management is characterized by the ongoing development and refinement of methods and practices and ensuring that any software tools deployed meet the needs without becoming a burden. Gartner Webinars Expert insights and strategies to address your priorities and solve your ...
... applied to Sun’s Java platform or to its Java programming language. The Java platform is made up of a set of technologies that provide cross-platform, network-centric computing solutions. The programming language is simply one aspect of the Java platform. The elements of the Java platform include the Java ...
... application-level inspection, intrusion prevention, and bringing intelligence from outside the firewall. An NGFW should not be confused with a stand-alone network intrusion prevention system (IPS), which includes a commodity or nonenterprise firewall, or a firewall and IPS in the same appliance that are not closely ...
... optical Ethernet switches both at the CO and the customer premises. Point-to-multipoint FTTP technology is commonly referred to as passive optical network (PON) technology. There are various types, including broadband PON (BPON), gigabit PON (GPON) and Ethernet PON (EPON). GPON is the most popular for ...
... outsourced monitoring and management of security devices and systems. Common services include managed firewall, intrusion detection, virtual private network, vulnerability scanning and anti-viral services. MSSPs use high-availability security operation centers (either from their own facilities or from other ...
... Gartner Glossary The previously described business models define the total IPTV subscriber market, with each representing an STB installed in a home and capable of receiving some form of IPTV. The STB may be free, rented or bought by the customer. Additional services such as premium channels, VOD and ...
... Gartner Glossary Gartner defines the main application components of a CPM suite as follows: Budgeting, planning and forecasting — These applications support the development of all aspects of budgets, plans and forecasts. They encompass short-term financially focused budgets, longer-term plans and ...
... extensive content creation functionality. Consumption activities are the main driver for these devices. They are dependent on the use of specific software linked to the OS and are intended primarily for content consumption, social interaction and data processing input. They may be extended with the use ...
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