In this digital age, how can we ensure our sensitive data isn't compromised, like in the recent Twitter lawsuit? What safeguards exist to protect us from potential data leaks?

As data literacy and citizen data scientists are spreading around, it looks like one must increasingly address data awareness and data proficiency. Users must be aware of the sensitivity of data. This should not restrict them in working with data, but any kimd of export to textfiles and user-created databases should be (almost) fully replaced by proper access to data sources in a controlled manner.

As an austrian, i know, what's all aboour, see: https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/dutch-hacker-obtained-virtually-all-austrians-personal-data-police-say-2023-01-25/

It has to be Twitter's and any SM's responsibility to protect his user's data

I am a member of the mobile app blockchain foundation. Over 3 mln apps downloaded. His protection is blockchain encryption but everyday admins are giving security tips to members

Security technology is an endlessly expanding universe. 
From my experience, the 2 most critical factors are still policy & behavior:
1. Reinforce least-privilege and need-to-know-basis policies regarding permissions
2. Educate employees on recognizing phishing attempts via email, mobile phone, social networks etc.