Gartner Says New Laws Must Be Passed to Combat Rise of Counterfeit Reality
Analysts to Examine Counterfeit Reality And Other Trends in Disruptive Technology during Upcoming Gartner Symposium/ITxpo in Orlando, October 17-22
STAMFORD, Conn. October 14, 2004 — While digital media presents companies with new options for handling information, it also allows unscrupulous entities to create an entire world of digital forgeries that will become virtually impossible to detect through casual inspection. Digital media has created new possibilities in counterfeit reality, with many images no longer easily certified as real. This rise of counterfeit reality increasingly will lead to disputes over interpretations of social, political, legal and business realities that the judicial system and other institutions of conflict resolution are not equipped to resolve, according to Gartner, Inc.
Gartner defines counterfeit reality as the digital creation of images, video, documents, or sounds that are convincingly realistic representations of things that never occurred or never existed exactly as represented.
In the past, it was reasonable to assume that a photograph was good enough evidence to "establish a reality" in a court. Today photographs are scrutinized by experts in court, but few people know how to spot an enhanced, forged or fake image.
"Laws covering admissibility of electronic documents in courts will need to be revamped to anticipate superior digital forgeries," said Daryl Plummer, group vice president and chief fellow at Gartner. "Approaches to document verification, privacy legislation, digital rights management, and protection of intellectual property will need to be revolutionized over time."
Gartner analysts said current laws are inadequate to halt abuses. For example, counterfeit reality is having a significant impact on virtual child pornography. The United States Supreme Court turned back efforts by Congress to outlaw the creation and distribution of simulated child pornography in a May 2002 ruling. The Supreme Court ruled that banning any image that appeared to be a child engaged in nude or lascivious acts was infringing on free speech and "akin to prohibiting dirty thoughts."
"The existing law puts the burden of proof on the government to prove that these children are real when a computer can easily alter their appearance with just a few keystrokes," Mr. Plummer said.
There have been many recent examples of counterfeit reality. Some of these include:
A fake photograph of John Kerry together with Jane Fonda at an anti-Vietnam War rally in 1970 in Pennsylvania. The photograph angered veterans who said his association with her 34 years ago was a slap in the face of Vietnam War veterans. However, the picture was a hoax. While this has been proved false, the image fulfilled its intent to portray Mr. Kerry as an anti-military service candidate.
Ben Vanderford created a video that depicted himself being beheaded and then forwarded the video to a known Islamic terrorist Website. The Website contacted various media outlets and within a few hours, major news organizations were reporting another beheading in Iraq. While the FBI is investigating Mr. Vanderford, it is unknown what charges he may face.
"Fake reality for sale will be the norm in the next decade. Surprisingly, its growth will not be about technology, but it will be about society's propensity for allowing the deviant to become the norm," Mr. Plummer said. "As people come to expect the use of virtual technology instead of real-time human interaction, the psychological outrage expected with counterfeit reality will be diminished."
More detailed analysis on counterfeit reality will be examined at the upcoming Gartner Symposium/ITxpo, October 17-22 in Orlando, Fla. Gartner Symposium/ITxpo is the IT industry's largest and most strategic conference, providing business leaders with a look at the future of IT. For more than 10,000 IT professionals from the world's leading enterprises, Gartner's annual Symposium/ITxpo events are key components of their annual planning efforts. Attendees rely on Gartner Symposium/ITxpo to gain insight into how their organizations can use technology to address business challenges and improve operational efficiency. For more information, please visit www.gartner.com/us/symposium. Members of the media can register by contacting Maria Di Masi at 212-699-2734, or by e-mail at marai.dimasi@eurorscg.com.
About Gartner:
Gartner, Inc. (NYSE: IT and ITB) is the leading provider of research and analysis on the global information technology industry. Gartner serves more than 10,000 clients, including chief information officers and other senior IT executives in corporations and government agencies, as well as technology companies and the investment community. The Company focuses on delivering objective, in-depth analysis and actionable advice to enable clients to make more informed business and technology decisions. The Company's businesses consist of Gartner Intelligence, research and events for IT professionals; Gartner Executive Programs, membership programs and peer networking services; and Gartner Consulting, customized engagements with a specific emphasis on outsourcing and IT management. Founded in 1979, Gartner is headquartered in Stamford, Connecticut, and has more than 3,500 associates, including approximately 1,000 research analysts and consultants, in more than 75 locations worldwide For more information,
visit www.gartner.com.
